because sexual intercourse is driven by factors, among the greatest of which is love; and love is something a person does not control. He may come to one wife and wish to have relations with her, while he has no desire to have relations with another. Thus, he is not required to treat them equally in sexual intercourse. Allah Most High says:
“And you will never be able to maintain perfect equality between wives, even if you are keen to do so. So do not incline wholly to one, leaving the other as if suspended.” [al-Nisāʾ 4:129]
Moreover, the Prophet ﷺ used to divide his time equally among his wives and say, “This is my division concerning what I control, so do not blame me for what I do not control.” (1) This is sound, for if he has no desire for one of them, he cannot have intercourse with her except with difficulty; moreover, forcing oneself to engage in intercourse causes harm.
Some scholars said instead that he must treat them equally in sexual intercourse if he is able to do so. This is the correct view, and the underlying rationale requires it. For once we have explained that equality in sexual intercourse is not obligatory because it is a matter in which he cannot be equal, then, if he is able to be equal, that rationale no longer applies, and the ruling of fairness remains. Accordingly, if a man says that he has a weak sexual appetite, such that when he has intercourse with one wife on a given night, he is unable—or finds it difficult—to have intercourse on the following night, and says, “I shall reserve my strength for this one rather than that one,” this is not permissible. That is because preferential treatment here is evident: he is able to be fair. Thus, whatever he is unable to do