Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

The compensation for the loss of virginity is the difference between her customary dowry as a previously married woman and her customary dowry as a virgin. Thus, if her dowry as a previously married woman is said to be one thousand riyals, and her dowry as a virgin two thousand, then the compensation is one thousand riyals.

In the present age, medicine has advanced, and it has become possible to restore an artificial hymen through surgery. So, if he says, “I will not give you money; rather, we will perform surgery on her and restore her virginity,” is he to be allowed to do so? The answer is no. If he argues, “The basic principle is that fungible property is compensated with its equivalent: he removed her virginity, so he should restore another virginity to her,”

we reply: This is insufficient, and he is not to be accommodated, for regardless of the repair performed, it can never be like the original. Moreover, we hold that this operation should be prohibited altogether, because it opens the door to evil: any woman who wishes to commit adultery could do so, and once her virginity is lost, she could undergo the operation.

“A woman may withhold herself until she receives her prompt dowry. But if it is deferred, or it becomes due before consummation, or she voluntarily gives herself to him, then she has no right to withhold herself, …”

His statement, “A woman may withhold herself until she receives her prompt dowry”: the dowry is of two types, either prompt or deferred. As for the deferred dowry, the woman has no right to demand it or seek payment of it until its due date arrives. Nor may she withhold herself from her husband, because her entitlement has not yet fallen due. But if the dowry is prompt and not deferred, then she may withhold herself until she receives it.

For example, a man marries a woman with a dowry of ten thousand riyals, not deferred. She says to him, “Give me the dowry,” and he replies, “Wait.” She may then withhold herself and say, “I will not give myself to you until you hand over the dowry.” This is because the dowry is consideration for marital enjoyment, and there is fear that, if she gives herself to him and he obtains that enjoyment, he may delay her payment and toy with her. Therefore, he is denied her until he pays the dowry.

وأرش البكارة هو فرق ما بين مهرها ثيباً ومهرها بكراً، فإذا قلنا: إن مهرها ثيباً ألف ريال، ومهرها بكراً ألفان، فيكون الأرش ألف ريال. في الوقت الحاضر ترقى الطب، وصار يمكن أن يجعل لها بكارة صناعية، بواسطة عملية جراحية، فإذا قال: أنا لا أعطيكم دراهم، بل نجري لها عملية ونعيد البكارة، فهل يُمَكَّن؟ الجواب: لا، فإذا قال: الأصل أن المثلي يضمن بمثله، فهو أذهب بكارة فيعيد لها بكارة أخرى؟ فنقول: هذا لا يكفي ولا يُطاع؛ لأنه مهما كان من ترقيع فلا يمكن أن يكون كالأصل، مع أننا نرى منع هذه العملية مطلقاً، لأنها تفتح باب الشر، فتكون كل امرأة تشتهي أن تزني زنت، وإذا زالت بكارتها أجرت العملية. وَلِلمَرْأَةِ مَنْعُ نَفْسِهَا حَتَّى تَقْبِضَ صَدَاقَهَا الحَالَّ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مُؤَجَّلاً، أَوْ حَلَّ قَبْلَ التَّسْلِيمِ، أَوْ سَلَّمَتْ نَفْسَهَا تَبَرُّعاً فَلَيْسَ لَهَا مَنْعُها، ......... قوله: «وللمرأة منع نفسها حتى تقبض صداقها الحال» الصداق على قسمين: إما حال، وإما مؤجل، فالمؤجل ليس للمرأة طلبه ولا المطالبة به حتى يحل أجله، وليس لها أن تمنع نفسها من الزوج؛ لأن حقها لم يحل بعد، لكن إذا كان المهر حالًّا غير مؤجل، فإن لها أن تمنع نفسها حتى تقبضه. مثال ذلك: رجل تزوج امرأة على صداق قدره عشرة آلاف ريال غير مؤجلة، فقالت له: أعطني المهر، فقال: انتظري، فلها أن تمنع نفسها، وتقول: لا أسلم نفسي إليك حتى تسلم المهر؛ وذلك أن المهر عوض عن المنفعة ويخشى أن سلمت نفسها واستوفى المنفعة أن يماطل بها ويلعب بها، فيُحرم منها حتى يسلم الصداق.

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