This is especially so when a long period has elapsed. But if he divorces her immediately, then we say:

First: the woman’s attachment to the man over such a short period is very slight.

Second: the dowry has not yet left her possession, since she was given it only recently.

But if a long period has elapsed—a year, two years, or several months—then what Shaykh al-Islam, may Allah have mercy on him, said is applicable. This view is thus a middle course between the two positions: that it is recommended without qualification, and that it is obligatory without qualification. This is the stronger view.

In summary, the dowry becomes binding in full by the following:

First: death.

Second: consummation of the marriage, that is, intercourse with her.

Third: his lawfully enjoying from her that which no one but a husband may lawfully enjoy, such as kissing, touching, looking at her private parts, and the like.

Fourth: valid seclusion with her, free from the presence of a discerning person capable of intercourse with a woman of her age.

The customary dowry is due if the stipulated dowry is invalid or if no dowry was stipulated for her.

A compensatory gift is due if he divorces her before the dowry becomes binding in full and no dowry was stipulated for her, or if he stipulated an invalid dowry.

Half the dowry is due if he divorces her before the dowry becomes binding in full and he had stipulated a bridal gift for her.

The dowry is forfeited if the separation is due to her before it becomes binding in full.