to establish that the womb is clear. This is why Uthman—may Allah be pleased with him—ruled that the waiting period for a woman divorced through khulʿ is one menstrual period, and stated that this is the sunnah of the Prophet—may Allah’s blessings and peace be upon him—(1). Thus, if someone marries a woman divorced through khulʿ before she has undergone istibrāʾ (establishing that her womb is clear), the marriage is invalid. But may he return and contract a new marriage with her? This depends on the difference of opinion we have mentioned.
“And an adulteress, until she repents and her waiting period has ended, …”
His statement, “and an adulteress, until she repents and her waiting period has ended”: An adulteress is one who commits the grave indecency—may Allah protect us. She is forbidden in marriage to the adulterer and to anyone else until she repents, due to the words of Allah, the Exalted: “The fornicator shall marry none but a fornicatress or an idolatress, and none shall marry a fornicatress but a fornicator or an idolater” [al-Nur: 3]. Thus, an adulteress is forbidden to both the adulterer and one who is not an adulterer, because Allah, Most High, says: “And that has been forbidden to the believers.” The Quran is explicit that this is forbidden and that it is not lawful for a believer to marry an adulteress.
His statement, “until she repents,” means: until she repents from adultery. But how are we to know that she has repented?
Some scholars have said: We know that she has repented if she is solicited for adultery and refuses. That is, someone should go to her and solicit her; if she refuses, this indicates that she has repented. But this view is very weak. If she knows that the man is immoral, she may be quite likely to agree, thereby opening the door to adultery. Yet if she knows that he is righteous, she will refrain, even if she wishes to commit adultery. Moreover, it exposes the righteous man to temptation, for if he solicits her and she agrees, she may deceive him and he may commit adultery with her. The correct view is that the repentance of an adulteress