Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (12/109)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

And the daughter of a fornicator is created from unlawful semen, so she is forbidden to him, because she is physically a part of him, even though she is not his daughter in legal terms. Thus, according to the majority of scholars, she is not ascribed to him, whether or not the fornicator acknowledges her as his own.

His statement, “however remote,” includes the daughter, the daughter’s daughter, the daughter of the daughter’s daughter, and so on. These are the descendants.

“Every sister; her daughter; her daughter’s daughter; the daughter of every brother; her daughter; the daughter of his son; and her daughter, however remote; and every paternal aunt and maternal aunt, however high in the line of ascent...”

His statement, “Every sister, her daughter, and her daughter’s daughter”: sisters are forbidden to a person in marriage. A person may not marry his sister, whether she is a full sister, a sister through the father, or a sister through the mother. The same applies to her daughter, her daughter’s daughter, and her son’s daughter. Thus, sisters and all their descendants are forbidden to their brother. As for the sister herself, the reason is clear: she is his sister. As for her descendants, it is because he is their maternal uncle. He is the maternal uncle of his sister’s daughter and of his sister’s daughter’s daughter, for every person’s maternal uncle is the maternal uncle of that person and his descendants, male and female alike.

His statement, “the daughter of every brother, her daughter, the daughter of his son, and her daughter, however remote”: the daughter of every brother is forbidden to his brother, because he is her paternal uncle. If the line of descent continues further, they remain forbidden, because a mother’s paternal uncle is the paternal uncle of her daughters, and a father’s paternal uncle is the paternal uncle of his daughters, however remote their descent may be. This is a principle that saves you effort: do not investigate or ask further. So long as a person is a maternal uncle to the original ancestor, he is a maternal uncle to the descendant; and so long as he is a paternal uncle to the original ancestor, he is a paternal uncle to the descendant.

His statement, “every paternal aunt and maternal aunt, however high in the line of ascent”: the paternal aunt is the father’s sister, and the maternal aunt is the mother’s sister. Both are forbidden, even if they are further up the line, such as where she is a maternal aunt

وبنت الزاني خلقت من ماء حرام، فتحرم عليه؛ لأنها بضعة منه قدراً، وإن كانت ليس بنته شرعاً، فلا تنسب إليه عند جمهور أهل العلم، سواء استلحقها الزاني أم لا. قوله: «وإن سفلت» كالبنت، وبنت البنت، وبنت بنت البنت .... إلخ، هؤلاء الفروع. وَكُلُّ أُخْتٍ، وَبِنْتُهَا، وَبِنْتُ ابْنَتِهَا، وَبِنْتُ كُلِّ أَخٍ، وبِنْتُهَا، وَبِنْتُ ابْنِهِ، وَبِنْتُهَا وَإِنْ سَفُلَتْ، وَكُلُّ عَمَّةٍ، وَخَالَةٍ وَإِنْ عَلَتَا، ........... قوله: «وكُلّ أختٍ وبِنْتُها وبِنْتُ ابنتها»، فالأخوات حرام على الإنسان، فلا يجوز للإنسان أن يتزوج أخته، سواء كانت شقيقة، أو لأب، أو لأم، وكذلك بنتها، وبنت بنتها، وبنت ابنها، فالأخوات وفروعهن كلهن حرام على الأخ، أما الأخت فواضح؛ لأنها أخته، وأما فروعها فلأنه خالهن، فهو خال بنت الأخت، وخال بنت بنت الأخت؛ لأن خال كل إنسان خال له ولذريته، من ذكور أو إناث. قوله: «وبِنْتُ كُلِّ أخٍ، وبِنْتُهَا، وبِنْتُ ابْنِهِ وبِنْتُها وإن سفلت» فبنت كل أخ حرام على أخيه؛ لأنه عمها، وإذا نزلت تكون حراماً؛ لأن عم الأم عم لبناتها، وعم الأب عم لبناته وإن نزلن، وهذه قاعدة تريحك، فلا تبحث ولا تسأل، فما دام هذا الإنسان خالاً للأصل فهو خال للفرع، وما دام عمًّا للأصل فهو عم للفرع. قوله: «وكُلُّ عَمَّةٍ وَخَالَةٍ وَإِنْ عَلَتا» العمة هي أخت الأب، والخالة هي أخت الأم، فهما حرام وإن علتا، بأن تكون خالة