with a woman unless she is accompanied by a mahram.” (1) The prohibition denotes unlawfulness. He ﷺ also said, “No man is alone with a woman except that Satan is their third.” (2) This indicates that its prohibition is emphatic.
The conditions for it to be permissible to look at a woman are six:
First: that there be no seclusion.
Second: that it be without desire. If he looks with desire, it is unlawful, because the purpose of looking is to ascertain, not to take pleasure.
Third: that he most likely expects his proposal to be accepted.
Fourth: that he look only at what is ordinarily visible.
Fifth: that he be resolved to propose marriage; that is, his looking should result from his resolve to approach this family and propose marriage to their daughter. But if he merely wishes to look over women, this is not permissible.
Sixth—and this is addressed to the woman—that she must not appear adorned, perfumed, wearing kohl, or the like in terms of beautification. The point is not for the man to desire intercourse with her, such that it may be said that she should appear adorned; for this is what a woman does with her husband in order to invite him to intercourse. Moreover, there is temptation in this, and the basic ruling is that it is unlawful, since she is a non-mahram woman to him. Furthermore, appearing in this manner is detrimental to her, because if he marries her and finds her other than the beauty in which he had known her, he may lose interest in her and his view of her may change—especially since Satan embellishes for a person a woman who is unlawful for him more than he embellishes his wife. Thus,