Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (11/270)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

the shares of the second deceased divide evenly according to the basis of his case, then both the first and second cases are resolved “on its original basis”—that is, on the basis of the first case.

“If they do not divide evenly, multiply the entirety of the second case, or its corresponding reduced portion, by the shares in the first case. Whoever has a share in the first case, multiply it by that by which you multiplied it; and whoever has a share in the second case, multiply it by what the deceased left, or by its corresponding reduced portion, and that is his share. Apply the same procedure to the third and any subsequent cases as you applied to the second together with the first. …”

His statement, “If they do not divide evenly, multiply the entirety of the second case,” applies when the two numbers are relatively prime.

His statement, “or its corresponding reduced portion, by the shares in the first case. Whoever has a share in the first case, multiply it by that by which you multiplied it; and whoever has a share in the second case, multiply it by what the deceased left, or by its corresponding reduced portion, and that is his share. Apply the same procedure to the third and any subsequent cases as you applied to the second together with the first.”

When the patterns of inheritance differ, a separate composite calculation is made for each deceased person. If three persons die after the first deceased, three composite calculations are made. Divide the share of each deceased person by the basis of his own case. If it divides evenly, the second composite calculation is resolved from the first composite calculation. All that remains for you is to reproduce the first composite calculation and distribute the deceased’s shares from it among his heirs.

If it does not divide evenly, then the numbers are either relatively prime or have a common factor. If they are relatively prime, multiply all the deceased’s shares from the composite calculation by the composite calculation. If they have a common factor, use the corresponding reduced portion. Then we say: whoever has a share in the composite calculation receives it multiplied by that by which it was multiplied—whether this is the reduced portion of the second case or its entirety. Whoever has a share in the second case receives it multiplied by his deceased predecessor’s shares in the composite calculation when the numbers are relatively prime, or by their corresponding reduced portion when they have a common factor.

انقسمت سهام الميت الثاني على مسألته صحَّتا، أي: المسألتان الأولى والثانية «من أصلها» أي: من أصل الأولى. وَإِنْ لَمْ تَنْقَسِمْ ضَرَبْتَ كَلَّ الثَّانِيَةِ أَوْ وِفْقَهَا لِلسِّهَامِ فِي الأُولَى، وَمَنْ لَهُ شَيْءٌ مِنْهَا فَاضْرِبْهُ فِيمَا ضَرَبْتَهُ فِيهَا، وَمَنْ لَهُ مِن الثَّانِيَةِ شَيْءٌ فَاضْرِبْهُ فِيمَا تَرَكَهُ المَيِّتُ أَوْ وِفْقِهِ، فَهُوَ لَهُ، وَتَعْمَلُ فِي الثَّالِثِ فَأَكْثَرَ عَمَلَكَ فِي الثَّانِي مَعَ الأَوَّلِ ........ قوله: «وإن لم تنقسم ضربت كل الثانية» عند التباين. قوله: «أو وِفْقَها للسهام في الأولى، ومن له شيء منها فاضربه فيما ضربته فيها، ومن له من الثانية شيء فاضربه فيما تركه الميت أو وِفْقِهِ، فهو له، وتعمل في الثالث فأكثر عملك في الثاني مع الأول». إذا اختلفت المواريث يجعل لكل ميت جامعة مستقلة، إذا كان الذين ماتوا بعد الميت الأول ثلاثة، نجعل ثلاث جوامع، ونقسم نصيب كل ميت على مسألته، إن انقسمت صحت الجامعة الثانية من الجامعة الأولى، وما عليك إلا أن تنقل الجامعة الأولى ثم توزع سهام الميت منها على ورثته، وإن لم تنقسم، فإما أن تباين أو توافق، إن باينت ضربنا، كل سهام الميت من الجامعة في الجامعة، وإن وافقت فالوِفْقَ، ثم نقول: من له شيء من الجامعة أخذه مضروباً فيما ضربته فيها، وهو وفق مسألة الثاني أو جميعها، ومن له من الثانية شيء أخذه مضروباً في سهام مورثه من الجامعة عند التباين، أو وفقه عند التوافق.