Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

degree; likewise, with a full brother and a paternal half-sister, the full brother does not make her a residuary heir, because they differ in category.

“One-sixth goes to one or more son’s daughters alongside a daughter, and to one or more paternal half-sisters alongside a full sister, provided that neither group has a male relative who makes them residuary heirs, ……”

His statement, “One-sixth goes to one or more son’s daughters alongside a daughter, and to one or more paternal half-sisters alongside a full sister,” means that one-sixth goes to a son’s daughter along with a daughter: whenever the daughter inherits one-half, the son’s daughter receives one-sixth. Similarly, a paternal half-sister receives one-sixth alongside a full sister: whenever the full sister inherits one-half, the paternal half-sister receives one-sixth.

Thus, if a deceased person leaves behind only one daughter and one son’s daughter, the daughter receives one-half and the son’s daughter receives one-sixth.

If a deceased person leaves behind a full sister and a paternal half-sister, with no inheriting descendant and no inheriting male ascendant, the full sister receives one-half and the paternal half-sister receives one-sixth.

Here, son’s daughters receive no more than one-sixth, whether there is one of them or more. Thus, if a deceased person leaves behind one daughter and ten son’s daughters, the daughter receives one-half, and the ten son’s daughters receive one-sixth. Their prescribed share does not increase with their number.

If a deceased person leaves behind a full sister and a paternal half-sister, the paternal half-sister receives one-sixth; even if they are ten, they receive one-sixth. Their prescribed share does not increase with their number. Add these two categories to the two previous categories whose prescribed share does not increase with their number, and they altogether make four. Hence it is said: There are four whose prescribed share does not increase with their number: wives, grandmothers, son’s daughters alongside a daughter, and paternal half-sisters alongside a full sister.

الدرجة، وأخ شقيق وأخت لأب فالشقيق ليس معصباً لاختلاف الوصف. وَالسُّدُسُ لِبِنْتِ ابْنٍ فَأَكْثَرَ مَعَ بِنْتٍ، وَلأُخْتٍ فَأَكْثَرَ لأَبٍ مَعَ أُخْتٍ لأَبَوَيْنِ مَعَ عَدَمِ مُعَصِّبٍ فِيهِمَا، ....... قوله: «والسدس لبنت ابنٍ فأكثر مع بنتٍ ولأختٍ فأكثر لأبٍ مع أختٍ لأبوين»، السدس لبنت الابن مع البنت، يعني متى ورثت البنت النصف فلبنت الابن السدس، وكذلك للأخت لأب مع الأخت الشقيقة السدس، فمتى ورثت الأخت الشقيقة النصف ورثت الأخت لأب السدس. فإذا هلك هالك عن بنت وحدها وعن بنت ابن وحدها، فللبنت النصف ولبنت الابن السدس. هلك هالك عن أخت شقيقة وأخت لأب، ولا فرع وارث، ولا أصل من الذكور وارث، فللأخت الشقيقة النصف، وللأخت لأب السدس. هنا بنات الابن ليس لهن إلا السدس، سواء كن واحدة أو أكثر، فلو هلك هالك عن بنت واحدة وعشر بنات ابن، فللبنت النصف، ولبنات الابن العَشْرِ السدس، لا يزيد الفرض بزيادتهن. هلك هالك عن أخت شقيقة وأخت لأب، للأخت لأب السدس، ولو كن عشراً فلهنَّ السدس، لا يزيد الفرض بزيادتهن، أضف هذين الصنفين إلى الصنفين السابقين ممن لا يزيد الفرض بزيادتهن يكن الجميع أربعة، ولهذا يقال: أربعة لا يزيد الفرض بزيادتهن الزوجات، والجدات، وبنات الابن مع البنت، والأخوات لأب مع الأخت الشقيقة.

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