Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

in a secure chest. But if he mixes barley with wheat, then although they are distinguishable, separating the deposited property from the mixture is difficult. He may be unwilling to separate it, and it would be burdensome, resulting in harm to both parties.

Accordingly, the implied meaning of his statement, “or mixes it with something indistinguishable, and all of it is lost,” should be qualified as referring to a case in which he mixes it with something distinguishable from which it can easily be separated. Otherwise, he is liable.

Accordingly, there are three cases:

First: if he mixes it with something indistinguishable, he is liable.

Second: if he mixes it with something distinguishable but difficult to separate, he is liable. Yet according to the apparent meaning of the author’s words, he is not liable.

Third: if he mixes it with something distinguishable that can easily be separated, he is not liable.

محرز، وأما لو خلط شعيراً ببر فهذا وإن كان متميزاً لكن تخليص الوديعة من خليطها فيه صعوبة، فربما يأبى أن يخلص ذلك ويتعب ويحصل بذلك ضرر على الطرفين. وعليه فينبغي أن يقيد مفهوم قوله: «بغير متميز فضاع الكل» ما إذا خلطها بمتميز يسهل تخليصه من خليطه، وإلا فيكون ضامناً. وعليه فالحالات ثلاث: الأولى: أن يخلطها بغير متميز فعليه الضمان. الثانية: أن يخلطها بمتميز يصعب فيه التمييز فعليه الضمان، والمذهب في ظاهر كلام المؤلف لا ضمان عليه. الثالثة: أن يخلطها بمتميز يسهل فيه التمييز، فهذا ليس عليه ضمان.

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