Examples include household utensils and vessels: a person can benefit from them while they remain intact. The same applies to a pen: one can use it while it remains, and it does no harm if it contains some ink, for that is considered ancillary and inconsequential. It is obvious that if someone is given a pen filled with ink, the ink will be used up through writing, but this is something negligible.
A car likewise remains after its benefit has been taken, and whatever petrol it contains is consumed during the period of the loan is merely ancillary. It should not be said that one cannot benefit from it except by consuming it.
His statement, “the granting of permission to benefit from a specific item,” means that the one granting permission must be legally entitled to make a voluntary disposition—such that he has the right to give gifts from his property, make grants from his property, and give charity from his property. If he is not entitled to make voluntary dispositions, then a loan for use made by him is invalid. An example is the guardian of an orphan: he may not lend out the orphan’s property for use, because he may not give it away voluntarily, and lending for use is a voluntary grant of benefit.
However, if the orphan is an adolescent close to puberty and likes generosity and giving, and the guardian asks his permission to lend out some of his belongings, and the orphan is pleased and delighted by this, then we say that there is nothing wrong with lending out this orphan’s belongings. This brings joy to the orphan. As the scholars have stated, it is permissible to offer a sacrificial animal on behalf of an orphan using the orphan’s funds, for the orphan is pleased by the sacrifice. Thus, in this case, his belongings have been lent out in his interest, because some adolescent youths like to do good to people; you find them devoting themselves to serving people, benefiting them, and lending things to them. Therefore, if this orphan’s guardian considers that, with the orphan’s permission, lending out some of his property will bring him joy, then there is nothing wrong with it.