or more or less. He may say: “Go to so-and-so and borrow from him,” in which case the master becomes liable. The master himself may be in need, and so he may say: “Go, so-and-so, to such-and-such a man and borrow such-and-such from him.” The point is that whatever the slave borrows for his master is the master’s responsibility.
His statement: “Otherwise”—meaning, if he does not give him permission.
His statement: “Then it is attached to his person,” meaning that it is attached to the slave himself. The difference between its being attached to the slave and its being attached to the master’s liability is that, when it is attached to the master’s liability, he is obliged to repay it no matter how large it is, even if it amounts to ten times the slave’s value.
But when it is attached to the slave himself, the master has a choice between three options: he may sell him and give his price to the person from whom the slave borrowed; he may hand the slave over to the lender in lieu of the debt; or the master may ransom him by paying the amount the slave borrowed.
For example, if a slave borrows one thousand riyals without his master’s permission, the debt is attached to the slave himself. We then say to the master: “You have a choice. If you wish, give the slave to the creditor and say: ‘The slave is yours in exchange for the debt he borrowed from you.’ Or sell the slave, take his price, and give it to the creditor. Or ransom him by paying the amount of his debt.” Thus, he may say: “The debt is such-and-such. I do not wish to sell the slave, nor do I wish to hand him over to you, but here is the debt that you lent him.” Which option will he choose? The master will choose the least costly one, because that is in his interest. The difference between selling the slave and handing his price over to the creditor, and handing the slave himself over to the creditor, is that the master may take the slave’s welfare into consideration.
So if the creditor says: “You now have the choice either to give him to me, sell him, or ransom him and keep the slave with you—but since you...”