Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

and then, after granting him rescission, he retracts during the session in which the rescission took place, may he do so? No, for the reason already mentioned: rescission is not a sale.

His statement, “There is no right of pre-emption,” means that no right of pre-emption applies to it. Pre-emption means that a partner takes from the person to whom his co-partner’s share has been transferred for monetary consideration.

For example, two men jointly own a piece of land, and one of them sells his share. His partner then has the right of pre-emption—that is, he may add that share to his own and take it from the purchaser compulsorily. For instance, Zayd and Amr are partners in a piece of land, and Amr sells his share to Bakr. Zayd has the right of pre-emption, but he says, “Bakr is dear to me, and I do not wish to take it through pre-emption,” and so he waives his right of pre-emption. Then Bakr comes to Amr and says, “I regret it, and I would like you to grant me rescission.” Amr grants him rescission—that is, Amr grants rescission to Bakr. May Zayd then take it from Amr through pre-emption?

The answer is: No, because rescission is a dissolution of the contract. But if Bakr were to sell it to Amr—that is, Zayd had not exercised his right of pre-emption against Bakr, and then Bakr sold it to Amr in a new sale—would Zayd have the right to take it through pre-emption?

The answer is: Yes.

Thus, the author’s statement, “There is no right of pre-emption,” means that if the purchaser, against whom the partner had waived his right of pre-emption, is granted rescission, the partner’s right of pre-emption does not return, because rescission is not a sale.

وبعد أن أقاله في مجلس الإقالة رجع، فهل له ذلك؟ لا، لما سبق أنها ليست بيعاً. قوله: «ولا شفعة» أي: ليس فيها شفعة، والشفعة معناها انتزاع حصة الشريك ممن انتقلت إليه بعوض مالي. مثال ذلك: رجلان بينهما أرض، فباع أحدهما نصيبه منها، فلشريكه أن يُشَفِّعَ، أي: أن يضم هذا السهم إلى نصيبه فيأخذه من المشتري قهراً، فمثلاً، زيد وعمرو شريكان في أرض، فباع عمرو نصيبه على بكر، فزيد هو الذي له حق الشفعة، لكن زيداً قال: إن بكراً حبيب إلي ولا أريد أن آخذها بالشفعة، فأسقط حقه من الشفعة، ثم إن بكراً جاء إلى عمرو وقال له: إني نادم وأحب أن تقيلني، فأقاله، أي: أقال عمرو بكراً، فهل لزيد أن يأخذها من عمرو بالشفعة؟ الجواب: لا؛ لأن الإقالة فسخ، ولو أن بكراً باعها على عمرو، يعني أن زيداً لم يأخذها بالشفعة من بكر، ثم إن بكراً باعها على عمرو بيعاً جديداً، فهل لزيد أن يأخذ بالشفعة؟ الجواب: نعم. إذاً قول المؤلف: «لا شفعة» يعني أنه لو أقيل المشتري الذي أسقط الشريك شفعته عنه فإنه لا يرجع بالشفعة، لأنها ليست بيعاً.

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