Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

be valid. The difference between the seller and the purchaser is that ownership has passed to the purchaser, whereas the seller has no ownership in the item sold. Hence, the purchaser’s emancipation is valid, unlike the seller’s.

His statement, “The purchaser’s disposal is a rescission of his option,” means that if the purchaser disposes of an item sold in which he alone stipulated an option, his disposal constitutes a rescission of his option. The scholars’ statements here indicate that rescission is established by anything that signifies it, whether words or actions.

For example, a man purchases a house from someone and stipulates an option for one month. During that month, he leases it to someone to live in; his option is then nullified. If he says, “I did not nullify the option,” we say: Your disposal is evidence that you are satisfied with it and that you have waived the option. Similarly, if he purchases this house for one hundred thousand while stipulating an option for himself for one month, then someone comes to him and says, “Sell it to me for one hundred and ten,” and he sells it for one hundred and ten, his option is nullified by his disposal of the house. His disposal of it indicates that he is satisfied with it and does not wish to return it.

An exception to this is the previously mentioned case of testing the item sold. If the purchaser’s disposal consists of testing the item, it does not rescind his option, even if the option belongs to him alone, because this is the purpose of the condition: to determine whether it is suitable for him or not.

His statement, “The purchaser’s disposal is a rescission of his option,” apparently indicates that the seller’s disposal does not rescind the purchaser’s option, because the purchaser’s right remains intact.

يصح، والفرق بين البائع والمشتري، أن المشتري قد انتقل إليه الملك، وأما البائع فليس له ملك في هذا المبيع، فلهذا صح عتق المشتري دون عتق البائع. قوله: «وتصرف المشتري فسخ لخياره» أي: إذا تصرف المشتري في المبيع الذي اشترط فيه الخيار له وحده، فإن تصرفه فسخ لخياره، ويؤخذ من كلام أهل العلم هنا أن الفسخ يثبت بما دل عليه من قول أو فعل. مثال ذلك: اشترى الرجل بيتاً من شخص واشترط الخيار لمدة شهر، وفي أثناء الشهر آجَره من يسكنه فيبطل خياره، فإن قال: أنا ما أبطلت الخيار؟ نقول: تصرفك دليل على رضاك به، وأنك أسقطت الخيار، وكذلك البيع مع اشتراط الخيار لنفسه في هذا البيت لمدة شهر، وقد اشتراه بمائة ألف، ثم جاءه إنسان وقال: بعني إياه بمائة وعشرة، فباعه بمائة وعشرة فيبطل خياره؛ لتصرفه في البيت، وتصرفه فيه دليل على رضاه به، وأنه لا يريد رده. ويستثنى من هذا ما سبق من تجربة المبيع، فإن تصرف المشتري بتجربة المبيع لا يفسخ خياره، ولو كان الخيار له وحده؛ لأن هذا هو المقصود من الشرط أن ينظر هل يصلح له أو لا؟ وقوله: «وتصرف المشتري فسخ لخياره» ظاهر كلامه أن تصرف البائع ليس فسخاً لخيار المشتري؛ لأن المشتري حقه باق.

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