under his master’s ownership. Moreover, the slave has not yet come to own his earnings, so the condition and that which is conditional upon it have occurred together. Yet a condition must precede that which is conditional upon it. Some jurists, however, held that it is valid to combine a sale and a manumission contract, and that there is no impediment to the condition occurring together with that which is conditional upon it, since what is problematic is for the condition to come after that which is conditional upon it. If it accompanies it, there is no harm. In my view, this opinion is more likely to be correct, and there is no objection to it.
Be aware that the author’s statement, “It is valid in cases other than the manumission contract,” is highly misleading. It appears from the wording that the manumission contract is invalid while the sale is valid. However, what is meant is that the sale is valid except when it is combined with a manumission contract; if it is combined with a manumission contract, it is not valid.
Thus, if he combines a sale and a lease, saying, “I have sold you this house of mine for one hundred thousand, and leased you the second house for ten thousand,” and the other party says, “I accept,” this is valid. Or if he says, “I have sold you this house of mine and leased you this house of mine for one hundred thousand,” this too is valid. The consideration is apportioned between them when necessary.
His statement, “a sale and a currency exchange”: in reality, currency exchange is a sale, but it is specifically the exchange of one currency for another and has well-known rulings. The discussion, however, concerns exchange: dinars for dirhams is a currency exchange, whereas dinars for garments is not a currency exchange. Currency exchange is undoubtedly a sale, but because it has particular rulings, the jurists mention it separately, saying, “a sale and a currency exchange.”
For example, he says, “I have sold you these dinars and this car for ten thousand dirhams.” It is a single transaction with a single price, so the sale is valid. If he takes possession of the price, there is no issue; but if he does not take possession, the sale of the car is valid, whereas the currency exchange is not.