Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (7/454)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

His statement: “O Allah, this is from You and for You” (1): what is being referred to is the animal being slaughtered or sacrificed. “From You” means as a gift and provision; “for You” means as an act of worship, in accordance with Your law, with sincerity for You, and because it belongs to You. It is from Allah, He is the One who bestowed it, and He is the One who commanded us to worship Him by sacrificing or slaughtering it. Thus, the bounty belongs to Allah by His decree, and the bounty belongs to Allah through His legislation. Were it not that Allah Almighty had legislated for us to draw near to Him by slaughtering or sacrificing this animal, then slaughtering or sacrificing it would have been an innovation.

For this reason, we say that Allah has bestowed upon us two blessings:

The first: a blessing by His decree.

The second: a blessing through His legislation.

The blessing by His decree is that He has made it easy and subservient for us, such that a man can lead this large camel in order to sacrifice it, and it yields to him. Allah Almighty says:

“And We have subjected them to them, so some of them they ride and some of them they eat.” [Ya-Sin]

The blessing through His legislation is that, in this situation, a person remembers Allah Almighty’s favor and draws near to Him through worship. At this point, he should also say: “O Allah, accept from me (2). O Allah, this is on behalf of me and my household” (3). The person on whose behalf the sacrifice is offered should be named at the time of slaughter. As for what some ordinary people among us do,

(1) Narrated by Imam Ahmad, 3:375; Abu Dawud, Book of Sacrifices, chapter: What Is Recommended Regarding Sacrificial Animals, no. 2795; and Ibn Majah, Book of Sacrifices, chapter: The Prophet's Sacrificial Animals, no. 3121. Authenticated by Ibn Khuzaymah, no. 2899, on the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him. (2) Narrated by Muslim, Book of Sacrifices, chapter: The Recommendation to Select a Fine Sacrificial Animal, no. 1967, on the authority of Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her: when the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, came to slaughter his sacrificial animal, he said, “In the name of Allah. O Allah, accept it from Muhammad, the family of Muhammad, and the nation of Muhammad.” (3) Its source has previously been cited on p. 422.

قوله: «اللهم هذا منك ولك» (١)، المشار إليه المذبوح أو المنحور، «منك» عطاءً ورزقاً، «لك» تعبداً وشرعاً وإخلاصاً وملكاً، هو من الله، وهو الذي منَّ به، وهو الذي أمرنا أن نتعبد له بنحره أو ذبحه، فيكون الفضل لله تعالى قدراً، والفضل لله شرعاً، إذ لولا أن الله تعالى شرع لنا أن نتقرب إليه بذبح هذا الحيوان أو نحره لكان ذبحه أو نحره بدعة، ولهذا نقول: إن الله أنعم علينا بنعمتين: الأولى: نعمة قدرية. الثانية: نعمة شرعية. أما القدرية فكونه يسره لنا وذلله لنا حتى إن الرجل يقود هذا البعير الكبير لينحره وينقاد له، قال الله تعالى: ﴿وَذَلَّلْنَاهَا لَهُمْ فَمِنْهَا رَكُوبُهُمْ وَمِنْهَا يَأْكُلُونَ *﴾ [يس]. وأما الشرعية فكون الإنسان في هذه الحال متذكراً لنعمة الله تعالى متقرباً إليه بالتعبد له، وفي هذه الحال ينبغي أيضاً أن يقول: «اللهم تقبل (٢) مني، اللهم هذا عني وعن أهل بيتي» (٣). وتكون تسمية المضحى له عند الذبح، وأما ما يفعله بعض العامة عندنا

(١) لما أخرجه الإمام أحمد (٣/ ٣٧٥)؛ وأبو داود في الضحايا/ باب ما يستحب من الضحايا (٢٧٩٥)؛ وابن ماجه في الأضاحي/ باب أضاحي رسول الله ﷺ (٣١٢١)؛ وصححه ابن خزيمة (٢٨٩٩)؛ عن جابر ﵁. (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الأضاحي/ باب استحباب استحسان الضحية (١٩٦٧) عن عائشة ﵂ أن النبي ﷺ لما جاء ليذبح أضحيته قال: «باسم الله، اللهم تقبل من محمد وآل محمد وأمة محمد». (٣) سبق تخريجه ص (٤٢٢).