Commentary on the Introduction to Zad al-Mustaqni‘
The author, may Allah Most High have mercy on him, said: “In the Name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Bestower of Mercy.”
His statement, “In the Name of Allah”: the prepositional phrase is connected to an omitted verb, placed after it and suited to the context. Thus, when you wish to read, you understand it as: “In the Name of Allah, I read”; when you wish to perform ablution: “In the Name of Allah, I perform ablution”; and when you wish to slaughter: “In the Name of Allah, I slaughter.” We take the omitted word to be a verb because verbs are the basic agents of action, and we place it after the phrase for two reasons:
First: to seek blessing by beginning with the Name of Allah, the Exalted.
Second: to convey exclusivity, for placing the governed phrase first indicates exclusivity.
We also take the omitted verb to be appropriate to the context, because this more clearly indicates what is intended. For example, if you wish to read a book and say, “In the Name of Allah, I begin,” it is not known what you are beginning. But if you say, “In the Name of Allah, I read,” this more clearly indicates what you are beginning.
His statement, “Allah”: this is the proper Name of the Creator, Glorified and Exalted is He, and all the other Names follow it. Thus, in Allah’s saying:
“A Book which We have revealed to you, that you may bring mankind out of darkness into light, by permission of their Lord, to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy—Allah, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on earth.” [Ibrahim 14:1–2]
we do not say that the Divine Name “Allah” is an adjective. Rather, we say that it is an explanatory apposition, so that the Divine Name is not treated as a dependent qualifier.
His statement, “the Most Merciful”: this is one of Allah’s Names exclusive to Him; it is not applied to anyone else. The Most Merciful means the One characterized by vast mercy.
His statement, “the Bestower of Mercy”: what is meant is the One whose mercy reaches its recipients.
When the two Names—the Most Merciful and the Bestower of Mercy—are mentioned together, the latter means the One who conveys His mercy to whomever He wills among His servants, as He, the Most High, says:
“He punishes whom He wills and has mercy upon whom He wills, and to Him you will be returned.” [al-‘Ankabut]
Thus, this Name highlights the action.