Chapter on Missing Hajj and Being Prevented

Whoever misses the standing at Arafah has missed Hajj. He should exit ihram by performing an umrah, and must make up the Hajj and offer a sacrificial animal, unless he had stipulated a condition.

His statement, “Chapter on Missing Hajj and Being Prevented”: this chapter addresses two issues:

The first: missing Hajj.

The second: being prevented.

As for missing Hajj, it is the verbal noun of fāta yafūtu, namely fawtan or fawātan. It means to be preceded such that one does not catch up. One says, “I missed something,” meaning: it preceded me and I did not catch it. Thus, missing something is being preceded in a way that cannot be remedied.

As for being prevented, it derives from ḥaṣarahu, meaning, “he prevented him.” Thus, being prevented means that a person encounters an obstacle that prevents him from completing the rites.

It will be explained in this chapter that some pillars have a specified time, while others do not. The standing—which is Hajj, as the Prophet ﷺ said, “Hajj is Arafah” (1)—has a specified time: its limit is the rising of dawn on the Day of Sacrifice. The author therefore states its ruling:

“Whoever misses the standing has missed Hajj.” Hajj is missed when dawn rises on the Day of Sacrifice, due to the Prophet’s statement: “Whoever stands during the night of Muzdalifah before dawn has caught it” (2). If he misses Hajj, it must then be considered whether he had stipulated a condition