Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (7/353)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Second: Had stoning before the sun passed its zenith been permissible, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would have done it, since it would have meant performing the act of worship at its earliest time in one respect, making matters easier for the servants of Allah in another respect, and extending the available time in a third respect. Stoning in the morning before the sun passes its zenith is easier for the Ummah than stoning afterwards, because after the sun has passed its zenith the heat becomes intense, and it is difficult for people to come from their camps to the pillars. Along with the severe heat come distress, confinement, and crowding. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, could not have chosen the more difficult course and left the easier one, for whenever he was given a choice between two matters, he chose the easier of them so long as it was not sinful (1). From this we know that, had he stoned before the sun passed its zenith, it would have been sinful; this is why he avoided it. Perhaps there is also a further wisdom: testing the servants of Allah—will they stone despite the hardship, or go ahead beforehand out of fear of hardship? It is not far-fetched that Allah should test His servants in such a manner. Since the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, deliberately waited until the sun had passed its zenith, even though this was more difficult for the people, this indicates that stoning before the sun has passed its zenith is not valid.

Third: The Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, would hasten to stone the pillars as soon as the sun had passed its zenith, doing so before performing the Dhuhr prayer (2). It was as though he awaited the sun’s passing its zenith in order to stone the pillars and then pray Dhuhr. Had it been permissible before the sun passed its zenith, he would have done so, even once, to demonstrate its permissibility; or one of the Companions would have done so and the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would have tacitly approved of it. This is the preponderant view: namely, that stoning before the sun has passed its zenith is prohibited.

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Manaqib (Virtues), chapter: “The Description of the Prophet,” no. 3560; and by Muslim in al-Fada'il (Virtues), chapter: “His distance from sins,” no. 2327, on the authority of A'ishah. (2) This is based on the report of Wabrah, who said: “I asked Ibn Umar, ‘When should I stone the jamarat?’ He replied, ‘When your imam stones them, then stone them.’ I repeated the question, and he said, ‘We would wait until the sun had passed its zenith, then we would stone them.’” Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Hajj (Pilgrimage), chapter: “Stoning the Jamarat,” no. 1746.

ثانياً: ولأنه لو كان الرمي قبل الزوال جائزاً لفعله النبي ﷺ، لما فيه من فعل العبادة في أول وقتها من وجه، ولما فيه من التيسير على العباد من وجه آخر، لأن الرمي في الصباح قبل الزوال أيسر على الأمة من الرمي بعد الزوال؛ لأنه بعد الزوال يشتد الحر ويشق على الناس أن يأتوا من مخيمهم إلى الجمرات، ومع شدة الحر يكون الغم مع الضيق والزحام، فلا يمكن أن يختار النبي ﷺ الأشد ويدع الأخف، فإنه ما خيِّر بين شيئين إلا اختار أيسرهما ما لم يكن إثماً (١)، فنعلم من هذا أنه لو رمى قبل الزوال صار ذلك إثماً، ولذلك تجنبه النبي ﷺ، ولعل هناك فائدة وهي ابتلاء العباد هل يرمون مع المشقة أو يتقدمون خوف المشقة؟ وليس هذا ببعيد أن يبتلي الله عباده بمثل هذا، ولما فيه من تطويل الوقت من وجه ثالث، فلما كان الرسول ﷺ يتعمد أن يؤخر حتى تزول الشمس مع أنه أشق على الناس، دل هذا على أنه قبل الزوال لا يجزئ. ثالثاً: أن الرسول ﷺ كان يبادر بالرمي حين تزول الشمس فيرمي قبل أن يصلي الظهر (٢)، وكأنه يترقب زوال الشمس ليرمي ثم ليصلي الظهر، ولو جاز قبل الزوال لفعله ﷺ، ولو مرة بياناً للجواز، أو فعله بعض الصحابة وأقره النبي ﷺ وهذا هو القول الراجح، أعني القول بمنع الرمي قبل الزوال.

(١) أخرجه البخاري في «المناقب» / باب صفة النبي ﷺ (٣٥٦٠)؛ ومسلم في «الفضائل» / باب مباعدته ﷺ للآثام (٢٣٢٧) عن عائشة ﵂. (٢) لما روى وبرة قال: سألت ابن عمر ﵄: «متى أرمي الجمار؟ قال: إذا رمى إمامك فارمه، فأعدت عليه المسألة، قال: كنا نتحين فإذا زالت الشمس رمينا»، أخرجه البخاري في الحج/ باب رمي الجمار (١٧٤٦).