Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

his Companions is conceivable, but it is preferable to retain the apparent meaning of the text. Moreover, in most cases, performing the sa'i after the tawaf of arrival is easier, because the crowds are then lighter than they are on the Day of Eid and the Days of Tashriq.

His statement, “and he had not performed sa'i with the tawaf of arrival,” indicates that the sa'i of Hajj may only be brought forward for one performing qiran or ifrad if it takes place after the tawaf of arrival. By this I mean that if one performs the sa'i before the tawaf of arrival, it does not suffice, because it was not performed after a ritual tawaf. From this, we recognize the error of those who issued the ruling that the people of Makkah who enter ihram for Hajj from Makkah may circumambulate the House and perform sa'i between Safa and Marwah with the intention of the sa'i of Hajj. The error in this lies in the fact that such people have no arrival tawaf, for the tawaf of arrival is legislated for those coming from outside Makkah. The tawaf of the people of Makkah is not an arrival tawaf; therefore, bringing the sa'i forward does not suffice for them. This ruling is mistaken and has no basis in the evidence.

His statement, “then everything has become lawful for him,” means that everything has become lawful for the pilgrim. This is a general expression intended in a particular sense: namely, everything that ihram had made unlawful for him becomes lawful once he has performed the tawaf of ifadah and the sa'i of Hajj—if he is performing tamattu', or if he is performing ifrad or qiran and had not performed sa'i with the tawaf of arrival.

This proves that a general expression, even if it uses the word “all,” may be intended in a particular sense. What determines that the particular sense is intended is the context or an accompanying indication.

An example of this is Allah’s saying: “Destroying everything by the command of its Lord.” [al-Ahqaf: 25] That is, the wind of 'Ad. But did it destroy the heavens and the earth?

The answer is: No. Indeed, it did not even destroy the dwellings. Allah, the Exalted, says:

أصحابه وارد، لكن إبقاء النص على ظاهره أولى، ولأنه في الغالب إذا سعى بعد طواف القدوم يكون أسهل؛ لأن الزحام حينئذٍ يكون أخف من الزحام في يوم العيد، وأيام التشريق. وقوله: «ولم يكن سعى مع طواف القدوم»، يفيد بأن تقديم سعي الحج للقارن والمفرد لا يكون إلا إذا وقع بعد طواف القدوم، أريد بهذا لو قدم السعي على طواف القدوم لا يجزئ؛ لأنه لم يكن بعد طواف نسك، وبه نعرف خطأ من أفتى أهل مكة الذين يحرمون بالحج من مكة أن يطوفوا بالبيت وبالصفا والمروة بنية سعي الحج؛ ووجه الخطأ أن هؤلاء لا قدوم لهم؛ لأن طواف القدوم يشرع لمن يأتي من خارج مكة، وأهل مكة طوافهم ليس طواف قدوم، فلا يجزئهم تقديم السعي وهذه الفتوى وهم لا أساس لها من الأدلة. قوله: «ثم قد حل له كل شيء»، أي: حلَّ للحاج كل شيء، وهذا عام أريد به الخاص، أي: كل شيء حرم عليه بالإحرام، فإنه يحل له إذا طاف طواف الإفاضة، وسعى سعي الحج، إذا كان متمتعاً، أو كان مفرداً، أو قارناً ولم يكن سعى مع طواف القدوم. وفي هذا دليل على أن العام ولو كان بلفظ «كل» قد يراد به الخاص، والذي يعين أن المراد به الخاص السياق أو القرينة. ومن ذلك قوله تعالى: ﴿تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهَا﴾ [الأحقاف: ٢٥]، أي: ريح عاد، فهل دمرت السموات والأرض؟ الجواب: لا، بل ولا المساكن لم تدمرها، قال تعالى:

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