even if only briefly, then continue on his way, because this resembles a prayer missed due to an excuse, which one makes up later.

If it were also said that the standing there is waived because its time has passed, that would not be far-fetched. The stronger view is that no compensatory sacrifice is required of him, because he omitted this obligation due to inability.

The second issue: Is it prescribed to spend that night in recitation, remembrance of Allah, and prayer, or is the sunnah to sleep?

Answer: The sunnah is to sleep, because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ lay down until dawn broke (1).

Should he perform the Witr prayer that night?

Answer: As far as we know, neither the hadith of Jabir (2) nor any other report mentions that the Prophet ﷺ performed Witr on that night. However, the basic principle is that he would not omit Witr, whether resident or traveling. We therefore say that he should perform Witr that night. The absence of a report does not prove that something did not occur; had he omitted it that night, it would have been reported, for if he had omitted it, this would have constituted a legislative precedent, and the religious law must be preserved and transmitted.

The same applies to the sunnah prayer before Fajr in Muzdalifah. Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “He performed the Fajr prayer when dawn became clear to him, with an adhan and iqamah.” He did not mention the sunnah prayer before Fajr, even though the Prophet ﷺ would not omit it whether resident or traveling.

The third issue: If a person is unable to sleep in Muzdalifah on the night before Eid because of the disturbance caused by cars, for example, may he occupy himself with remembrance of Allah, supplication, and prayer?