In summary, according to the school:

If he leaves Muzdalifah before the middle of the night, a compensatory sacrifice is due from him.

If he leaves after the middle of the night, nothing is due from him.

If he arrives in Muzdalifah after dawn, a compensatory sacrifice is due from him.

If he arrives there after the middle of the night, nothing is due from him.

However, we have said that the apparent meaning of the hadith of ‘Urwah ibn Muḍarris is that whoever catches the Fajr prayer at the beginning of its time has fulfilled the requirement, and no compensatory sacrifice is due from him.

Issues:

The first: Some pilgrims do not reach Muzdalifah until after dawn has risen, and even after the Fajr prayer they are held up by the crowds. What is the ruling?

Answer: According to the school, a compensatory sacrifice is obligatory upon them, because they have missed spending the night in Muzdalifah, which is one of the obligatory rites. Their principle is that whoever omits an obligation must offer a compensatory sacrifice.

Some scholars have said: These people were prevented against their will, so their arrival at the place after its allotted time has passed is like making up a prayer after its time has ended due to an excuse. Thus, if they are prevented in this manner and do not reach Muzdalifah until after dawn has risen and the time for the prayer has elapsed, they are like those excused from performing the prayer until its time has passed, and so make it up afterwards. This view is closer to what is correct.

It may therefore be said: Whoever is prevented from reaching it and does not arrive until after dawn has risen and enough time for the prayer has passed, or until after sunrise, should remain there