Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (7/288)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

At this momentous standing and vast gathering, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The first usury of ours that I abolish is the usury of al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib.” Elsewhere, he said: “By Allah, if Fatimah bint Muhammad were to steal, I would cut off her hand.” (1) Thus, although he was truthful and righteous even without taking an oath, he swore that if Fatimah bint Muhammad—the leading woman among the women of Paradise, and the woman of noblest lineage—were to steal, he would cut off her hand.

His words, “I would cut off,” may mean that he would cut off her hand himself, or that he would order her hand to be cut off. The former is more emphatic in showing that he would cut off his own daughter’s hand if she stole.

In sum, the Messenger, peace and blessings be upon him, laid down for rulers a method which, if they followed it, would bring them success: their relatives and inner circle should be no different in their sight from all other people. After delivering this sermon to the people, he instructed Bilal to give the call to prayer. Bilal gave the adhan and iqamah, and he led the Zuhr prayer; then he gave the iqamah and he led the Asr prayer, without offering any voluntary prayer between them. (2) His delivering the sermon before the adhan, and his combining Zuhr and Asr, prove that he did not intend it as the Friday prayer. For the Friday sermon comes after the adhan, whereas that day, during the Prophet’s pilgrimage, was in fact a Friday. This indicates that a traveler does not establish the Friday prayer, even if all the people of the earth were with him.

He then rode on until he reached the far end of Arafah, on its eastern side, and stood there. It was his customary practice to remain at the rear of his people rather than at their front, so that he could look after anyone who was in need,

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Hudud (Prescribed Punishments), chapter: “The Dislike of Interceding in a Hadd Punishment Once It Has Been Referred [to the Authorities],” no. 6788; and by Muslim in al-Hudud, chapter: “Cutting off the Hand of the Noble Thief and Others,” no. 1688, from Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her. (2) Its source has previously been cited on p. 76, in the hadith of Jabir.

والنبي ﷺ قال في هذا الموقف العظيم والمجمع الكبير: «أول ربا أضعه من ربانا ربا العباس بن عبد المطلب»، وقال في موضع آخر: «وايم الله لو أن فاطمة بنت محمد سرقت لقطعت يدها» (١)، فأقسم ـ وهو الصادق البار بلا قسم ـ أنه لو سرقت فاطمة بنت محمد سيدة نساء أهل الجنة، وأشرف النساء نسباً لقطع يدها. وقوله: «لقطعت»، يحتمل لقطعت يدها مباشرة، ويحتمل أمرت بقطع يدها، والأول أبلغ في كونه يقطع يد ابنته إذا سرقت. فالحاصل أن الرسول ﷺ يضع للحكام منهجاً لو ساروا عليه لأفلحوا، وهو أن يكون أقاربهم وحاشيتهم عندهم كسائر الناس. وبعد أن خطب الناس هذه الخطبة أمر بلالاً، فأذن وأقام وصلى الظهر، ثم أقام وصلى العصر، ولم يسبح بينهما شيئاً (٢)، وفي تقديمه الخطبة على الأذان، والجمع بين الظهر والعصر دليل على أنه لم يقصد بذلك صلاة الجمعة؛ لأن صلاة الجمعة تكون الخطبة فيها بعد الأذان، وإلا فإن ذلك اليوم كان هو يوم الجمعة في حجة النبي ﷺ مما يدل على أن المسافر لا يقيم الجمعة حتى لو كان معه أهل الأرض جميعاً، ثم ركب حتى أتى آخر عرفة من الناحية الشرقية، فوقف هناك، وكان عادته أن يكون في أخريات قومه لا يكون في المتقدمين؛ لأجل أن يتفقد من كان محتاجاً،

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الحدود/ باب كراهية الشفاعة في الحد إذا رفع … (٦٧٨٨)؛ ومسلم في الحدود/ باب قطع يد السارق الشريف وغيره (١٦٨٨) عن عائشة ﵂. (٢) سبق تخريجه من حديث جابر ص (٧٦).