Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Any sacrificial offering required for omitting an obligation must be given entirely in charity to the poor of the Sacred Precinct.

As for an offering required for committing a prohibition other than hunting, it may be distributed within the Sacred Precinct or at the place where the prohibition was committed. The evidence that it may be given at the place of the violation is that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, instructed Ka‘b ibn ‘Ujrah, may Allah be pleased with him, to offer compensation by slaughtering a sheep at the place where the prohibition had been committed (1). This sacrifice became due because of a violation of the rites at a particular location; therefore, its compensation may be offered in that location. Whatever may be slaughtered and distributed outside the Sacred Precinct where its cause arose may also be slaughtered and distributed within the Sacred Precinct, but not vice versa.

The sacrifice for being prevented from completing the pilgrimage is to be offered where the prevention occurred. However, if one wishes to transport it to the Sacred Precinct, there is no harm in doing so.

Issue: The poor of the Sacred Precinct are those poor persons who are within its boundaries, whether they are in Makkah itself or outside Makkah but still within the limits of the Sacred Precinct. There is no difference between poor persons who are residents of Makkah and those who come from elsewhere. Thus, if we find poor pilgrims, slaughter the sacrificial offering required of us, and give it to them, there is no harm in that.

The evidence is that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, instructed ‘Ali to give in charity the meat of the camels that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had offered, without excluding anyone (2). This shows that those from outside Makkah are like its residents, because they are eligible recipients.

(1) Its source citation has previously been given on p. 135. (2) Narrated by al-Bukhari in the Book of Hajj, chapter: “The butcher is not to be given anything from the sacrificial animal” (1716); and by Muslim in the Book of Hajj, chapter: “Giving the meat of sacrificial animals in charity” (1317), on the authority of Ali, may Allah be pleased with him.
والهدي الذي لترك واجب يجب أن يتصدق بجميعه على مساكين الحرم. والهدي الواجب لفعل محظور غير الصيد يجوز أن يوزع في الحرم، وأن يوزع في محل فعل المحظور. ودليل جوازه في محل المحظور أن الرسول ﷺ أمر كعب بن عجرة ﵁ أن يفدي بشاة في محل فعل المحظور (١)، ولأن هذا الدم وجب لانتهاك النسك في مكان معين، فجاز أن يكون فداؤه في ذلك المكان، وما جاز أن يذبح ويفرق خارج الحرم حيث وجد السبب، فإنه يجوز أن يذبح ويفرق في الحرم، ولا عكس. ودم الإحصار حيث وجد الإحصار، ولكن لو أراد أن ينقله إلى الحرم فلا بأس. مسألة: مساكين الحرم، من كان داخل الحرم من الفقراء سواء كان داخل مكة، أو خارج مكة لكنه داخل حدود الحرم، ولا فرق بين أن يكون المساكين من أهل مكة، أو من الآفاقيين، فلو أننا وجدنا حجاجاً فقراء، وذبحنا ما يجب علينا من الهدي وأعطيناه إياهم فلا بأس. والدليل أن النبي ﷺ أمر علياً أن يتصدق بلحم الإبل التي أهداها النبي ﷺ ولم يستثن أحداً (٢)، فدل هذا على أن الآفاقي مثل أهل مكة؛ ولأنهم أهل أن يصرف لهم.
(١) سبق تخريجه ص (١٣٥). (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الحج/ باب لا يعطي الجزار من الهدي شيئاً (١٧١٦)؛ ومسلم في الحج/ باب في الصدقة بلحوم الهدي (١٣١٧) عن علي ﵁.

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