Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (7/152)

Third: a guardian in ihram concludes a marriage contract for a man and woman who are not in ihram; the marriage is forbidden.

If someone were to say: It is established that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, “married Maymunah while he was in ihram.” (1) This was narrated by Abdullah ibn Abbas, May Allah be pleased with him, Maymunah’s nephew, and he was knowledgeable of her circumstances.

The response to this is from two angles:

First: by weighing the evidence.

Second: by viewing it as a matter exclusive to the Prophet.

As for the first—the approach of weighing the evidence—the stronger view is that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, married Maymunah while he was not in ihram. The evidence for this is that Maymunah herself, may Allah be pleased with her, narrated that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, married her while he was not in ihram (2). Abu Rafiʿ, may Allah be pleased with him—the envoy between them, that is, the intermediary between them—also reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, married her while he was not in ihram (3). This report is therefore given precedence, because the one directly involved in an incident and the one to whom it happened know it better than others.

As for the hadith of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, the answer is that Ibn Abbas did not learn that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had married her until after the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had entered ihram. He therefore assumed that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had married her while he was in ihram.

(1) Al-Bukhari, Book of Game and Its Penalty, chapter: “A person in ihram marrying” (1837); and Muslim, in the previous location (1410). (2) Muslim, in the previous location (1411). (3) Ahmad (6:392); al-Tirmidhi, Book of Hajj, chapter: “What has been related concerning the disapproval of marrying off a person in ihram” (841), which he graded hasan; and Ibn Hibban (4130, 4135) and Ibn Khuzaymah graded it sahih. See al-Dirayah (2:56).

الثالث: عقد ولي مُحرِم لمُحلٍّ ومُحلة، فالنكاح حرام. فإن قال قائل: ثبت أن النبي ﷺ: «تزوج ميمونة وهو محرم» (١)، روى ذلك عبد الله بن عباس ابن أخت ميمونة ﵃ وهو عالم بحالها. فالجواب: على ذلك من وجهين: الأول: سبيل الترجيح. الثاني: سبيل الخصوصية. أما الأول: وهو سبيل الترجيح، فإن الراجح أن النبي ﷺ تزوج ميمونة وهو حلال لا حرام، والدليل على هذا أن ميمونة ﵂ نفسها روت أن النبي ﷺ تزوجها وهو حلال (٢)، وأن أبا رافع ﵁ السفير بينهما ـ أي؛ الواسطة بينهما ـ أخبر أن النبي ﷺ تزوجها وهو حلال (٣)، وعلى هذا فيرجح ذلك؛ لأن صاحب القصة، والمباشر للقصة أدرى بها من غيره. فأما حديث ابن عباس ﵄ فجوابه أن يقال: إن ابن عباس ﵄ لم يعلم أن الرسول ﷺ تزوجها إلا بعد أن أحرم الرسول ﷺ، فظن أن الرسول ﷺ تزوجها وهو

(١) أخرجه البخاري في جزاء الصيد/ باب تزوج المحرم (١٨٣٧)؛ ومسلم في الموضع السابق (١٤١٠). (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الموضع السابق (١٤١١). (٣) أخرجه أحمد (٦/ ٣٩٢)؛ والترمذي في الحج/ باب ما جاء في كراهة تزويج المحرم (٨٤١) وحسنه، وصححه ابن حبان (٤١٣٠) (٤١٣٥) وابن خزيمة، انظر: «الدراية» (٢/ ٥٦).