you should be conscious, as you say, “Here I am,” of Allah’s call to you and of your response to Him—not merely that these are words to be spoken.
His saying, “You have no partner; here I am,” means: You have no partner in anything, not merely in this talbiyah, for the meaning is more general than that. You have no partner in Your dominion, no partner in Your divinity, no partner in Your Names and Attributes, and no partner in anything that is uniquely Yours—including this response of mine. I am sincere to You in it: I have not performed Hajj for ostentation, reputation, wealth, or anything else. Rather, I have performed Hajj for You alone and answered Your call alone.
As for his saying, “You have no partner,” its grammatical analysis is as follows: lā is the particle that negates the entire class; sharīk (partner) is its noun; and “for You” is its predicate. The class-negating lā is more comprehensive than lā that merely negates an occurrence. This is unlike saying, “There is no man in the house,” with rajul in the nominative case: this does not negate the entire class, but merely negates the occurrence. Hence, one may say, “There is no man in the house; rather, there are two men.” But if one were to say, “There is no man at all in the house; rather, there are two men,” the grammarians would cry out against him and say: “This is incorrect. You cannot say, ‘There is no man at all in the house; rather, there are two men,’ for you first negate the entire class and then return to affirm it.” If you wish, however, you may say: “There is no man at all in the house; rather, there is a woman.”
His saying, “Indeed, all praise and all blessing are Yours,” has inna with a kasrah on its hamzah; it has also been narrated with a fatḥah. According to the narration with the hamzah in the fatḥah position—“that all praise is Yours”—the sentence gives the reason; that is: “Here I am, because all praise is Yours.” Thus, the talbiyah is qualified by this reason—that is, on account of it. The implied meaning is: “Here I am, because all praise is Yours.”