whereas those beyond Qarn al-Manāzil are only two days’ journey from Mecca, yet they are not considered residents of al-Masjid al-Haram. This view is open to objection and is weak.

It has also been said that they are only the people of Mecca, because a resident of something is one who lives there; whoever is outside Mecca is not among the residents of al-Masjid al-Haram. According to this view, one who lives, for example, at Arafah is not among the residents of al-Masjid al-Haram, nor is one who lives in Muzdalifah, because he is not one of the people of Mecca. Thus, the people of Mecca are those who live within its built-up area.

It has also been said that they are the people of the Haram, whether they are residents of Mecca or others. According to this view, everyone living within the boundary markers is among the residents of al-Masjid al-Haram. Thus, the people of Mina are among the residents of al-Masjid al-Haram, whereas the people of Arafah are not.

It has also been said that they are the people of the Haram and those who live at a distance from it that is less than the distance at which prayers may be shortened, since anyone living within that distance is regarded as belonging to the town.

The strongest view is that the residents of al-Masjid al-Haram are the people of Mecca or the people of the Haram: that is, whoever is a resident of Mecca, even if he lives in the Hill, or whoever is a resident of the Haram, even if he lives outside Mecca.

At present, al-Tan'im is entirely contiguous with Mecca; indeed, there are houses beyond al-Tan'im. Thus, al-Tan'im has become part of Mecca, even though it lies in the Hill. Here one may pose a riddle: there are trees in Mecca which Allah has caused to grow and which you may cut down, and there is game in Mecca which you may hunt.

The answer is that Mecca has now extended beyond the Haram; thus, game