Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

But we do not call upon everyone to observe i'tikaf whenever he wishes. Rather, the best guidance is the guidance of Muhammad ﷺ. Had the Messenger ﷺ known that observing i'tikaf outside Ramadan—or even outside its final ten nights—entailed a sunnah and reward, he would have made it clear to the Ummah so that they might act upon it. For he was told: “O Messenger, convey that which has been revealed to you from your Lord. And if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message.” [al-Ma'idah: 67]

Consider the hadith of Abu Sa'id: the Messenger ﷺ observed i'tikaf during the first ten days, then the middle ten days; then he was told that Laylat al-Qadr was in the final ten nights, so he observed i'tikaf during the final ten days. (1) Yet in the following year, he did not observe i'tikaf during the first ten days or the middle ten days, despite the fact that these had previously been periods in which he observed i'tikaf, and despite Ramadan being the month of i'tikaf.

Accordingly, i'tikaf is not a sunnah in the sense that people are not to be urged to observe it except during the final ten nights. However, if someone voluntarily wishes to observe i'tikaf at another time, he is not to be forbidden from doing so, drawing support from the hadith of Umar, may Allah be pleased with him. Nor do we say that doing so is an innovation; rather, we say: It is better for you to follow the example of the Messenger ﷺ.

There are analogous cases to the hadith of Umar. One is the man who would lead his companions in prayer and conclude his recitation with Surat al-Ikhlas; the Messenger ﷺ did not censure him for this, (2) but he did not prescribe it

(1) Its authentication has previously been cited on p. 491. (2) Al-Bukhari reported it mu'allaqan (with an omitted chain) in decisive wording in the Book of the Call to Prayer, chapter: Combining Two Surahs in One Rak'ah (774 m). Imam Ahmad connected its chain of transmission (3:141); al-Tirmidhi also reported it through al-Bukhari in the Book of the Virtues of the Quran, chapter: What Has Been Reported Regarding Surah al-Ikhlas and Surah al-Zalzalah (2901). It was authenticated by Ibn Khuzaymah (537) and Ibn Hibban (792, 794). Al-Hakim authenticated it (1:240) according to Muslim's criteria, and al-Dhahabi concurred with him.
لكننا لا نطلب من كل واحد أن يعتكف في أي وقت شاء، بل نقول خير الهدي هدي محمد ﷺ، ولو كان الرسول ﷺ يعلم أن في الاعتكاف في غير رمضان، بل وفي غير العشر الأواخر منه سنة وأجراً لبينه للأمة حتى تعمل به؛ لأنه قد قيل له: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ بَلِّغْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَمَا بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَتَهُ﴾ [المائدة: ٦٧]، وانظر في حديث أبي سعيد اعتكف الرسول ﷺ: «العشر الأول، ثم الأوسط، ثم قيل له: إن ليلة القدر في العشر الأواخر فاعتكف العشر الأواخر» (١) ولم يعتكف السنة الثانية العشر الأول، ولا الأوسط، مع أنه كان زمناً للاعتكاف من قبل، والشهر شهر اعتكاف. وعلى هذا فإنه لا يسن الاعتكاف، أي: لا يُطلب من الناس أن يعتكفوا إلا في العشر الأواخر فقط، لكن من تطوع وأراد أن يعتكف في غير ذلك، فإنه لا ينهى عن ذلك، استئناساً بحديث عمر ﵁، ولا نقول: إن فعله بدعة، لكن نقول: الأفضل أن تقتدي بالرسول ﷺ. ولحديث عمر نظائر: منها: الرجل الذي كان يقرأ بأصحابه فيختم بـ ﴿قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ *﴾، لم ينكر عليه الرسول ﷺ (٢)، لكنه لم يشرع ذلك
(١) سبق تخريجه ص (٤٩١). (٢) رواه البخاري معلقاً بصيغة الجزم في الأذان/ باب الجمع بين سورتين في ركعة، (٧٧٤ م)، ووصله الإمام أحمد (٣/ ١٤١)؛ والترمذي من طريق البخاري في فضائل القرآن/ باب ما جاء في سورة الإخلاص وسورة إذا زلزلت (٢٩٠١)؛ وصححه ابن خزيمة (٥٣٧)؛ وابن حبان (٧٩٢)، (٧٩٤)؛ وصححه الحاكم (١/ ٢٤٠) على شرط مسلم ووافقه الذهبي.

Company

  • About
  • Pricing
  • Why Translate?

Support

  • Contact us
  • Report a bug
  • Support us
  • Donate
  • AI combat arena

Follow us

© 2026 Kutub. All rights reserved.
Terms and conditionsPrivacy policyCookies