His statement, “for one who is not performing Hajj there”: the preposition ba’ means “in.” In his words, “for one who is not performing Hajj there,” the author stipulates two conditions: first, that he is not a pilgrim; and second, that he is there—that is, in Arafah. The apparent meaning is that if a pilgrim is somewhere other than Arafah—for example, if the Day of Arafah comes upon him while he is travelling and he does not reach Arafah until nightfall—then, according to the apparent meaning of the author’s words, fasting that day is legislated for him. It also apparently means that if a person is in Arafah but is not performing Hajj, such as workers and the like, then he should fast.
A pilgrim at Arafah should not fast; fasting is not prescribed for him, because the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, “forbade fasting on the Day of Arafah at Arafah.” (1) The authenticity of this hadith is subject to question, but it is supported by the fact that the people were uncertain whether he, peace and blessings be upon him, was fasting on the Day of Arafah. So a cup of milk was sent to him, and he drank it in the forenoon of the Day of Arafah while the people were looking at him, (2) so that they would know that he was not fasting.
Moreover, this day is a day for supplication and deeds, especially since the best time for supplication is the latter part of the day. If a person fasts, the latter part of the day will come upon him while he is sluggish and exhausted—particularly during the summer days, with their length and intense heat. He will become fatigued, and the great benefit gained from this day will be lost, whereas fasting can be observed at another time. Therefore, the correct view is that fasting on the Day of Arafah is disliked for the pilgrim, whereas for one who is not performing Hajj, it is an emphatically recommended sunnah.