Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would break his fast before praying with fresh dates; if fresh dates were unavailable, then with dried dates; and if dried dates were unavailable, he would take a few sips of water.” (1)

Question: If a person has honey and water, which should he take first: water or honey?

The answer is that he should take the water first, because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “If he cannot find any, then with water, for it is purifying.” If he finds neither water nor any other drink or food, he should intend in his heart to break his fast, and that suffices.

Some common people say: “If you cannot find anything, suck your finger.” This has no basis.

Others say: “Wet your headcloth, then suck it,” claiming that when you wet it, the saliva leaves the mouth, and when you then suck it, you bring something from outside the mouth into it. This too has no basis.

Rather, we say: if the sun has set and you have nothing with which to break your fast, then intend in your heart to break your fast. Indeed, some scholars said that the Prophet’s statement, peace and blessings be upon him, “When night approaches from this direction, day departs from that direction, and the sun has set, then the fast has been broken”

(1) Narrated by Imam Ahmad (3/164); Abu Dawud, Book of Fasting, chapter: “What One Should Break the Fast With” (2356); al-Tirmidhi, Book of Fasting, chapter: “What Has Been Reported Regarding What Is Recommended for Breaking the Fast With” (699); al-Daraqutni (2/185); and al-Hakim (1/432), on the authority of Anas. Al-Tirmidhi said: “Hasan gharib (sound, singularly transmitted).” Al-Daraqutni said: “Its chain of transmission is authentic.” Al-Hakim graded it authentic according to Muslim’s criteria, and al-Dhahabi concurred.
أنس بن مالك ﵁ قال: «كان رسول الله ﷺ يفطر قبل أن يصلي على رطبات فإن لم تكن رطبات فتميرات فإن لم تكن تميرات حسا حسوات من ماء» (١). مسألة: إذا كان عند الإنسان عسل وماء، فأيهما يقدم الماء أو العسل؟ فالجواب: يقدم الماء؛ لأن الرسول ﷺ قال: «فإن لم يجد فعلى ماء فإنه طهور»، فإن لم يجد ماء ولا شراباً آخر ولا طعاماً نوى الفطر بقلبه ويكفي. وقال بعض العوام: إذا لم تجد شيئاً فمص إصبعك، وهذا لا أصل له. وقال آخرون: بُلَّ الغترة ثم مصها؛ لأنك إذا بللتها انفصل الريق عن الفم، فإذا رجعت ومصصتها أدخلت شيئاً خارجاً عن الفم إلى الفم، وهذا لا أصل له أيضاً. بل نقول: إذا غابت الشمس وليس عندك ما تفطر به تنوي الفطر بقلبك، حتى إن بعض العلماء قال: إن قوله ﷺ: «إذا أقبل الليل من هاهنا، وأدبر النهار من هاهنا وغابت الشمس فقد أفطر
(١) أخرجه الإمام أحمد (٣/ ١٦٤)، وأبو داود في الصيام/ باب ما يفطر عليه (٢٣٥٦) والترمذي في الصوم/ باب ما جاء ما يستحب عليه الإفطار (٦٩٩) والدارقطني (٢/ ١٨٥) والحاكم (١/ ٤٣٢) عن أنس ﵁، قال الترمذي: «حسن غريب» وقال الدارقطني: «إسناده صحيح» وصححه الحاكم على شرط مسلم ووافقه الذهبي.

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