Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Its apparent meaning is that expiation becomes obligatory through intercourse even if ejaculation does not occur, and this is indeed the case, because the expiation is connected to intercourse. In the hadith of the Bedouin, he said, “I had intercourse with my wife,” so the effective cause was made intercourse itself, without any mention of ejaculation.

Two issues:

The first: It states in al-Rawḍ, “Withdrawal is intercourse.” That is, if a man is having intercourse with his wife at the end of the night, then the mu’adhdhin gives the call to prayer—being one who gives the call at the break of dawn—and he withdraws immediately, then the same consequences as intercourse follow: making up the fast and expiation. This is among the oddities of legal scholarship: how can one fleeing from something be like one who falls into it?! For this reason, the preponderant view is that this is not intercourse but rather repentance, and that it does not invalidate the fast or entail expiation.

The second: It also states in al-Rawḍ, “Ejaculation through lesbian sexual activity is like intercourse.” Such activity occurs between two women. If they both ejaculate, they are only required to make up the fast, with no expiation. If only one of them ejaculates, then she must make up the fast only, without expiation. This is the correct view.

The expiation is the emancipation of a slave. If he cannot find one, then he must fast for two consecutive months. If he is unable, then he must feed sixty poor persons. If he cannot find the means, the obligation is waived.

His statement, “It is,” means: the expiation for intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan.

His statement, “the emancipation of a slave,” means freeing the slave from bondage. The appropriateness of this is that, when this man had intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan despite fasting being obligatory upon him, he deserved punishment; thus, he ransomed himself by emancipating a slave.

His statement, “If he cannot find one,” means if he cannot find a slave, or cannot find its price.

وظاهره أن الكفارة تجب بالجماع، وإن لم يحصل إنزال، وهو كذلك؛ لأن الكفارة مرتبة على الجماع؛ لقوله في حديث الأعرابي: «وقعت على امرأتي» فجعل العلة الوقاع ولم يذكر الإنزال. مسألتان: الأولى: قال في الروض: «والنزع جماع»: أي لو كان الرجل يجامع زوجته في آخر الليل، ثم أذن مؤذن، وهو ممن يؤذن على طلوع الفجر، فنزع في الحال، فإنه يترتب عليه ما يترتب على الجماع من القضاء والكفارة، وهذا من غرائب العلم؛ فكيف يكون الفارُّ من الشيء كالواقع فيه؟!! ولهذا كان القول الراجح أنه ليس جماعاً بل توبة، وأنه لا يفسد الصوم وليس عليه كفارة. الثانية: وقال في الروض أيضاً: «والإنزال بالمساحقة كالجماع»؛ والمساحقة تكون بين المرأتين، فلو أنزلتا فليس عليهما إلا القضاء، ولا كفارة، وإن أنزلت إحداهما فعليها القضاء فقط دون الكفارة، هذا على الصحيح. وَهْيَ عِتْقُ رَقْبَةٍ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَإِطْعَامُ سِتِيِّنَ مِسْكِيناً، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ سَقَطَتْ. قوله: «وهي» أي: كفّارة الوطء في نهار رمضان. قوله: «عتق رقبة» أي: فكّها من الرّق، ووجه المناسبة هو أنّ هذا الرجل لمّا جامع في نهار رمضان مع وجوب الصوم عليه استحقّ أن يعاقب ففدى نفسه بعتق الرقبة. قوله: «فإن لم يجد» يعني إن لم يجد رقبة، أو لم يجد ثمنها.

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