invalidate the fast unless he induces vomiting and actually vomits. There is no difference whether the vomit is little or much.

As for what comes out of the throat through retching, it does not invalidate the fast. Only what comes out of the stomach invalidates it, whether little or much, based on the hadith of Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Whoever deliberately induces vomiting must make up the fast; but whoever is overcome by vomiting does not have to make it up.” (1) “Overcome by it” means that it overtakes him.

There are several ways of inducing vomiting: by looking, smelling, pressing, pulling, and perhaps we may also include hearing.

As for looking: this is when a person looks at something repulsive, feels nauseated, and then vomits.

As for smelling: this is when he smells an offensive odor and vomits.

As for pressing: this is when he presses his abdomen forcefully upward and then vomits.

As for pulling: this is when he inserts his finger into his mouth until it reaches the furthest part of his throat, and then vomits.

As for hearing: he may perhaps hear something repulsive.

Some scholars said that vomiting does not invalidate the fast even when deliberately induced, based on