Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (6/208)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

Give him voluntary charity, and you will be rewarded. But to make him take possession of something he does not want is not permissible.

When giving it, both the giver and the recipient should say what has been transmitted ………

His statement, “When giving it, both the giver and the recipient should say what has been transmitted,” may mean that the verb “say” is in the accusative, coordinated with “distribute”; or it may be in the nominative as a new sentence. That is, when the one paying zakat gives his zakat, and the one entitled to zakat receives it—both the giver and the recipient—the payer says the transmitted reports and supplications that apply. Among them is:

“O Allah, accept it from me; indeed, You are the All-Hearing, All-Knowing.”

It has also been said that he says: “O Allah, make it a gain and do not make it a loss.” (1) However, this hadith is weak.

As for the recipient, he says: “O Allah, send prayers upon you,” (2) or he supplicates in whatever way he considers appropriate. This is because Allah Most High said to His Prophet ﷺ:

“Take from their wealth a charity by which you purify them and cleanse them, and pray for them.” [al-Tawbah: 103]

That is, supplicate for them. Allah then explained the reason for this prayer, saying:

“Indeed, your prayer is a source of comfort for them.”

That is, their hearts are calmed, and they feel reassured and content.

(1) This is based on the marfu hadith narrated by Abu Hurayrah: “When you give zakat, do not forgo its reward; say: ‘O Allah, make it a gain and do not make it a liability.’” Reported by Ibn Majah in Zakat, chapter: What Is Said When Giving Zakat, no. 1797. Al-Busiri said: “Its chain of transmission is weak: al-Bukhtari is unanimously regarded as weak, and al-Walid practiced tadlis (concealing a defect in transmission).” (2) This is based on the report of Ibn Abi Awfa, who said: “When people brought their charity to the Prophet, he would say, ‘O Allah, bestow blessings upon the family of so-and-so.’ My father came to him with his charity, and he said, ‘O Allah, bestow blessings upon Abu Awfa.’” Reported by al-Bukhari in Zakat, chapter: The Imam’s Prayer, no. 1497; and Muslim in Zakat, chapter: Supplication for One Who Brings Charity, no. 1078.

أعطه صدقة تطوع وأنت مأجور، أما أَنْ تدخل ملكه ما لا يريده فهذا لا يجوز. وَيَقُولُ عِنْدَ دَفْعِهَا هُوَ وآخِذُهَا مَا وَرَدَ ......... قوله: «ويقول عند دفعها هو وآخذها ما ورد» يحتمل أن تكون «ويقول» منصوبة بالفتحة عطفاً على «يفرق»، ويحتمل الرفع على الاستئناف، أي: يقول المزكي عند دفع زكاته، ومستحق الزكاة عند أخذ الزكاة ـ هو وآخذها ـ فيقول المزكي ما ورد من الآثار والأدعية؛ ومن ذلك: «اللهم تقبل مني إنك أنت السميع العليم». وقيل: يقول: «اللهم اجعلها مغنماً ولا تجعلها مغرماً» (١) وهذا الحديث ضعيف. أما الآخذ فيقول: «اللهم صل عليك» (٢) أو يدعو بما يراه مناسباً؛ وذلك لأن الله تعالى قال لنبيه ﷺ: ﴿خُذْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ صَدَقَةً تُطَهِّرُهُمْ وَتُزَكِّيهِمْ بِهَا وَصَلِّ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾ [براءة: ١٠٣] أي: ادع لهم، ثم علل الله ﷾ الصلاة بقوله: ﴿إِنَّ صَلَاتَكَ سَكَنٌ لَهُمْ﴾ أي تسكن قلوبهم ويطمئنون ويرضون.

(١) لما روى أبو هريرة مرفوعاً: «إذا أعطيتم الزكاة، فلا تنسوا ثوابها أن تقولوا: اللهم اجعلها مغنماً ولا تجعلها مغرماً» أخرجه ابن ماجه في الزكاة/ باب ما يقال عند إخراج الزكاة (١٧٩٧). وقال البوصيري: «هذا إسناد ضعيف، البختري متفق على تضعيفه، والوليد مدلس». (٢) لما روى ابن أبي أوفى قال: «كان النبي ﷺ إذا أتاه قوم بصدقتهم قال: «اللهم صلِّ على آل فلان، فأتاه أبي بصدقته، فقال: «اللهم صلِّ على أبي أوفى». أخرجه البخاري في الزكاة/ باب صلاة الإمام … (١٤٩٧)؛ ومسلم في الزكاة/ باب الدعاء لمن أتى بصدقة (١٠٧٨).