Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

“Allah has permitted trade” [al-Baqarah 2:275], and His saying, Exalted is He: “And lawful to you are all beyond these” [al-Nisa’ 4:24].

His statement: “A silver ring is permissible for a male.”

By this, the author means to clarify which items of silver are permissible. As for the ruling on wearing it, that will be explained later.

His statement, “for a male,” includes both minors and adults. Does the definite article in his statement, “the ring,” denote the genus—thereby including one ring, two rings, or three, four, or five—or does it denote a single unit?

What appears to be intended is the latter: a person is permitted to have one ring. This is the apparent meaning of the author’s words, may Allah have mercy on him.

His statement: “A silver ring is permissible for a male.”

“The ring” is the passive subject. That is, Allah has made it permissible. It should be understood that when the agent is omitted in matters of legislation or creation, it is omitted because it is already known: for the Creator and Lawgiver is Allah.

His statement, “A silver ring is permissible for a male,” is based on the fact that the Prophet ﷺ “had a ring made of wariq” (1), meaning silver. It is well known that we have an excellent example in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. No one may claim that this was exclusive to him, for the basic principle is that rulings are not exclusive to him. Whoever claims exclusivity regarding something the Messenger ﷺ did must provide evidence.

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Libas (Book of Dress), chapter: “Gold Rings” (5865); and Muslim, Kitab al-Libas wa al-Zinah (Book of Dress and Adornment), chapter: “The Prohibition of the Gold Ring...” (2091), no. 54, on the authority of Ibn Umar.
﴿وَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٧٥] وقوله تعالى: ﴿وَأُحِلَّ لَكُمْ مَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكُمْ﴾ [النساء: ٢٤]. وقوله: «ويباح للذكر من الفضة الخاتم». مراد المؤلف بهذا بيان ما الذي يباح من الفضة، وأما حكم لبسه فسنبين. وقوله: «للذكر» يشمل الصغير والكبير، و (ال) في قوله: «الخاتم» هل هي للجنس فيشمل الخاتم والخاتمين، والثلاثة والأربعة والخمسة، أو هي لِلْوَحْدةِ؟ الظاهر: الثاني؛ وأن الإنسان يباح له اتخاذ خاتم واحد، وهذا هو ظاهر كلام المؤلف ﵀. وقوله: «ويباح للذكر من الفضة الخاتم». الخاتم: نائب فاعل. أي: إن الله أباح ذلك، وليعلم أنه إذا حذف الفاعل في باب التشريع، أو باب الخلق فإنما يحذف للعلم به؛ لأن الخالق والمشرع هو الله. وقوله: «ويباح للذكر من الفضة الخاتم»؛ لأن النبي ﷺ «اتخذ خاتماً من ورق» (١) أي من فضة، ومعلوم أن لنا في رسول الله ﷺ أسوة حسنة، ولا يقول قائل: إن هذا خاص به؛ لأن الأصل عدم الخصوصية، فمن ادعى الخصوصية في شيء فعله الرسول ﷺ فعليه الدليل.
(١) أخرجه البخاري في اللباس/ باب خواتيم الذهب (٥٨٦٥)؛ ومسلم في اللباس والزينة/ باب تحريم خاتم الذهب … (٢٠٩١) (٥٤) عن ابن عمر ﵄.

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