Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (5/350)

A person who misappropriates booty is one who conceals something of the spoils he acquired in jihad.

For example, he acquires something along with the other fighters, then conceals it, intending to keep it exclusively for himself. Such a person has committed a grave sin—may Allah protect us—and perpetrated one of the major sins. Allah, Exalted is He, says:

“Whoever misappropriates anything shall bring it forth on the Day of Resurrection.” [Surah Al Imran 3:161]

On the Day of Resurrection, he will come carrying on his neck what he misappropriated, in disgrace, shame, and humiliation.

Because this matter is serious and concerns the Muslim community at large, the Prophet, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him, refrained from offering the funeral prayer for one who misappropriated booty, as a deterrent to those who came after him. This does not waive the funeral prayer for the rest of the Muslims; rather, they are obliged to offer it for him.

The evidence for this is what Zayd ibn Khalid, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated: “A man from Juhaynah died on the day of Khaybar, and this was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him. He said, ‘Offer the funeral prayer for your companion.’ The people’s faces changed, and when he saw their reaction, he said, ‘Your companion misappropriated something in Allah’s cause.’ We searched his belongings and found among them beads belonging to the Jews, worth less than two dirhams.” (1)

His statement, “Nor for one who killed himself,” means that the imam should not offer the funeral prayer for one who killed himself, as a deterrent to those who remain after him. For one who kills himself—may Allah protect us—has committed one of the major sins, and he will be punished in Hell with that by which he killed himself. If he killed himself with a dagger, then in the Fire of Hell he will have a dagger in his hand with which he will stab himself. If he killed himself with poison, then he will have poison in his mouth, which he will keep drinking in the Fire; and if

(1) Reported by Abu Dawud (2710), al-Nasai (1961), and Ibn Majah (2848).

والغال: هو من كتم شيئاً مما غنمه في الجهاد. مثاله: أن يغنم مع المجاهدين شيئاً، ويكتمه يريد أن يختص به لنفسه، فهذا قد فعل إثماً عظيماً ـ والعياذ بالله ـ وأتى كبيرة من كبائر الذنوب. قال تعالى: ﴿وَمَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ﴾ [آل عمران: ١٦١]. فسوف يأتي بما غله حاملاً إياه على رقبته يوم القيامة، خزياً وعاراً وفضيحة. ولما كانت المسألة كبيرة ومتعلقة بعموم المسلمين، امتنع النبي ﷺ أن يصلي على الغال، نكالاً لمن يأتي بعده. ولا تسقط الصلاة عن بقية المسلمين، فيجب عليهم أن يصلوا عليه. ودليل ذلك: ما روى زيد بن خالد ﵁ قال: «توفي رجل من جهينة يوم خيبر فذكر ذلك لرسول الله ﷺ، فقال: صلوا على صاحبكم، فتغيرت وجوه القوم، فلما رأى ما بهم، قال: إن صاحبكم غلَّ في سبيل الله، ففتشنا متاعه، فوجدنا فيه خرزاً من خرز اليهود لا يساوي درهمين» (١). قوله: «ولا على قاتل نفسه»، أي: لا يصلي الإمام على قاتل نفسه نكالاً لمن بقي بعده؛ لأن قاتل نفسه ـ والعياذ بالله ـ أتى كبيرة من كبائر الذنوب، وسوف يعذب في جهنم بما قتل به نفسه. فإن قتلها بخنجر ففي يده خنجر في نار جهنم يطعن به نفسه. وإن قتلها بسُم ففي فمه سم يتحسَّاه في النار، وإن

(١) أخرجه أبو داود (٢٧١٠)؛ والنسائي (١٩٦١)؛ وابن ماجه (٢٨٤٨).