Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (5/228)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

and for this reason he omitted the conjunction wāw (and), saying: “Our Lord, do not burden us with that for which we have no strength to bear.”

His statement, “the verse,” means: to the end of the verse—that is, complete the verse.

The completion of the verse is: “Pardon us, forgive us, and have mercy upon us” [al-Baqarah: 286]. These are four supplications:

“Our Lord, do not burden us with that for which we have no strength to bear.” This belongs to the category of removal.

“Pardon us.” This likewise belongs to the category of removal.

“Forgive us.” This likewise belongs to the category of removal.

“Have mercy upon us.” This belongs to the category of adornment—that is, bringing something into being.

Thus, all these supplications are beneficial and appropriate, but on the condition that a person does not adopt them as an established sunnah.

In al-Rawḍ, he mentioned a beneficial issue, saying: “It is forbidden to say, ‘We were given rain by the rising of such-and-such a star’; it is permissible to say, ‘We were given rain during the rising of such-and-such a star’; and attributing rain to a star independently of Allah is disbelief by scholarly consensus. This was stated in al-Mubdiʿ.”

A nawʾ is a star; that is, one might say, for example: “We were given rain by such-and-such a star”—by the star al-Shawlah, or the star al-Naʿāʾim, or the star Saʿd al-Dhābiḥ, or the star Saʿd Bulaʿ, or Saʿd al-Suʿūd, and the like.

The evidence for this is what is authentically established in al-Ṣaḥīḥ, in the hadith of Zayd ibn Khālid al-Juhanī: “They were with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) at al-Hudaybiyyah after rainfall during the night—that is, rain that had fallen at night. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) finished the dawn prayer, he said to them: ‘Do you know what your Lord has said?’ They replied: ‘Allah and His Messenger know best.’ He said: ‘He said: This morning, some of My servants became believers in Me and others disbelievers. As for the one who said: “We were given rain by Allah’s bounty and mercy,” he is a believer in Me and a disbeliever in the star. But as for the one who said:”

فلهذا حذف الواو، فقال: «ربنا لا تحملنا ما لا طاقة لنا به». قوله: «الآية»، أي: إلى آخر الآية، أي: أكمل الآية. وإكمال الآية: ﴿وَاعْفُ عَنَّا وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا وَارْحَمْنَا﴾ [البقرة:٢٨٦] أربع دعوات: ﴿رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِ﴾، وهذا من باب التخلية. ﴿وَاعْفُ عَنَّا﴾، كذلك من باب التخلية. ﴿وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا﴾، كذلك من باب التخلية. ﴿وَارْحَمْنَا﴾، من باب التحلية أي: من باب إيجاد الشيء. فهذه الدعوات كلها دعوات مفيدة مناسبة، لكن بشرط ألا يتخذها الإِنسان على أنها سنة. ذكر في الروض مسألة مفيدة قال: «يحرم أن يقول: مطرنا بنوء كذا، ويباح في نوء كذا، وإضافة المطر إلى النوء دون الله كفر إجماعاً، قاله في المبدع». النوء: هو النجم، أي: مطرنا مثلاً بالنجم الفلاني، بنجم الشولة، أو بنجم النعائم، أو بنجم سعد الذابح، أو بنجم سعد بلع، أو سعد السعود، وما أشبه ذلك. ودليله: ما ثبت في الصحيح من حديث زيد بن خالد الجهني «أنهم كانوا مع النبي ﷺ في الحديبية على إثر سماء كانت من الليل ـ أي: مطر نزل في الليل ـ فلما انصرف النبي ﷺ من صلاة الصبح قال لهم: هل تدرون ماذا قال ربكم؟ قالوا: الله ورسوله أعلم، قال: قال: أصبح من عبادي مؤمن بي وكافر، فأما من قال: مطرنا بفضل الله ورحمته، فذلك مؤمن بي كافر بالكوكب، وأما من قال: