Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

And if he forgets it, he should make it up, so long as he has not entered a state of ritual impurity or left the mosque. ……….

His statement, “And if he forgets it, he should make it up, so long as he has not entered a state of ritual impurity or left the mosque”: “forgets it” means the restricted takbir. The pronoun here refers to part of its antecedent, for its antecedent is takbir, but what is intended is one particular kind of takbir: the restricted takbir. That is, if he forgets the restricted takbir after the prayer, he should make it up. Thus, if, after concluding his prayer, he seeks forgiveness, says, “O Allah, You are Peace, and from You comes peace,” and recites the tasbih while forgetting the takbir, we say that he should make it up, except in three cases:

  1. If he enters a state of ritual impurity.
  2. If he leaves the mosque.
  3. If there is a lengthy interval.

If he enters a state of ritual impurity, he should not make it up. Thus, if he concludes the prayer and then invalidates his ablution immediately afterward, before remembering the takbir, he should not make it up at that point, because ritual impurity prevents one part of the prayer from being joined to another; hence it also prevents what is subsidiary to the prayer from being joined to it.

The correct view, however, is that it is not nullified by ritual impurity. The difference between it and the prayer is that the prayer requires ritual purity, whereas remembrance of Allah does not. Rather, we say: Make it up even if you have entered a state of ritual impurity, unless there has been a lengthy interval. If the interval has not been lengthy, then make it up.

Likewise, if he leaves the mosque, they say that he should not make it up, explaining that it is a sunnah whose proper occasion has passed. This reasoning, too, is open to question.

The correct view is that if he leaves the mosque after remaining for a long time, it lapses—not because he left the mosque, but because of the lengthy delay. But if he leaves promptly, it does not lapse, and he should recite the takbir, for if he had concluded the prayer with the taslim

وإن نَسِيَهُ قَضَاهُ مَا لَمْ يُحْدِثْ، أَوْ يَخْرُجْ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ .......... قوله: «وإن نسيه قضاه ما لم يحدث أو يخرج من المسجد» وقوله: «نسيه» أي التكبير المقيد، فالضمير هنا يعود على بعض مرجعه؛ لأن مرجعه يعود على التكبير، لكن المراد بعض التكبير وهو المقيد، أي: إن نسي التكبير المقيد بعد الصلاة قضاه، فلو أنه لما سلم من صلاته استغفر، وقال: «اللهم أنت السلام ومنك السلام» وسبّح ناسياً التكبير، فنقول: يقضيه إلا في ثلاث أحوال: ١ ـ ما لم يحدث. ٢ ـ أن يخرج من المسجد. ٣ ـ أن يطول الفصل. فإذا أحدث لا يقضيه، فلو سلم ثم أحدث بعد السلام مباشرة ثم ذكر التكبير فلا يقضيه الآن؛ لأن الحدث يمنع من بناء الصلاة بعضها على بعض، فيمنع من بناء ما كان تابعاً لها عليها. والصحيح أنه لا يسقط بالحدث، والفرق بينه وبين الصلاة أن الصلاة يشترط لها الطهارة، وأما الذكر فلا تشترط له الطهارة، بل نقول: اقضه ولو أحدثت، إلا إذا طال الفصل، فإن لم يطل الفصل فاقضه. وكذا إذا خرج من المسجد، فإنه لا يقضيه، وعللوا ذلك بأنه سنّة فات محلها، وهذا أيضاً فيه نظر. والصحيح أنه إذا خرج من المسجد، فإن كان بعد طول مكث، فإنه يسقط لا بخروجه، ولكن بطول المكث، وإن خرج سريعاً فإنه لا يسقط فيكبر؛ لأنه إذا كانت الصلاة لو سلم منها

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