by the Companions when Bishr ibn Marwan raised his hands in supplication (1). Although the basic principle in supplication is to raise one’s hands, nothing is prescribed in the Friday sermon except what has been reported from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him.

His statement, “and he should keep the sermon brief,” means that it is sunnah for him to make it brief, as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A man’s lengthy prayer and brief sermon are a sign of his understanding.” (2) Thus, it is preferable to keep the sermon brief, because brevity has two benefits:

1 — It prevents the listeners from becoming bored. For when a sermon is prolonged—especially if the preacher delivers it superficially, without stirring hearts or inspiring resolve—people grow bored and weary.

2 — It is more readily understood and retained by the listener. If it is lengthy, its end causes its beginning to be lost; whereas if it is brief, it can be understood and remembered. This is why the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A man’s lengthy prayer and brief sermon are a sign of his understanding.” (3) That is, they are an indication and proof of his understanding, and of his consideration for people’s circumstances.

At times, however, circumstances call for a longer sermon. If a person occasionally lengthens it because the situation requires it, this does not mean that he lacks understanding, since length and brevity are relative matters. It is authentically reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would sometimes deliver the sermon using Surah Qaf (4), and Surah Qaf, when recited with measured recitation and pauses at every verse, takes considerable time.

His statement, “and he should supplicate for the Muslims,” means that it is also sunnah during the sermon that he should