Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

The sixth condition is that the two sermons be delivered after the time has begun. If he delivers them before the time begins, the two sermons are invalid, and the Friday prayer performed thereafter is likewise invalid.

Some scholars have said that the fundamental requirement of the sermon is that it contain an exhortation that softens hearts and benefits those present, while praising Allah, invoking blessings upon the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and reciting a verse are matters that complete the sermon.

However, although this view has some basis for consideration, a person should not act upon it if the people of his town follow the first view adopted by the author. For if he were to omit these conditions mentioned by the author, people would fall into hardship: each person would leave the Friday prayer thinking that he had not performed it. Yet if you observe these conditions, you will not fall into anything forbidden. Taking people’s circumstances into account in a matter that is not prohibited is something prescribed by the Sacred Law. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, took his Companions’ circumstances into account regarding fasting and breaking the fast in Ramadan while travelling; and he took them into account concerning the rebuilding of the Ka‘bah, when he said to Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her: “Were it not that your people have only recently left disbelief, I would have demolished the Ka‘bah and rebuilt it upon the foundations of Abraham.” (1) This principle is well known in the Sacred Law.

But accommodating them in what is forbidden is called improper compromise, and it is not permissible. Allah, Exalted is He, says: “They wish that you would compromise, so they would compromise.” [al-Qalam]

“And purification is not stipulated for the two …”

His statement, “And purification is not stipulated for the two,” means that it is not a condition for the two sermons that he be in a state of ritual purity. Thus, if he delivers the sermon while in a state of minor ritual impurity, the sermon is valid, because it is remembrance of Allah, not prayer.

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari (1585, 1586) and Muslim (1333).
الشرط السادس: أن تكون الخطبتان بعد دخول الوقت، فإن خطب قبل دخول الوقت لم تصح الخطبتان، ثم لا تصح الجمعة بعد ذلك. وقال بعض أهل العلم: إن الشرط الأساسي في الخطبة أن تشتمل على الموعظة المرققة للقلوب، المفيدة للحاضرين، وأن الحمد لله، أو الصلاة على النبي ﷺ، وقراءة آية، كله من كمال الخطبة. ولكن هذا القول وإن كان له حظ من النظر لا ينبغي للإنسان أن يعمل به إذا كان أهل البلد يرون القول الأول الذي مشى عليه المؤلف؛ لأنه لو ترك هذه الشروط التي ذكرها المؤلف لوقع الناس في حرج، وصار كلٌّ يخرج من الجمعة، وهو يرى أنه لم يصل الجمعة، وإذا أتيت بهذه الشروط لم تقع في محرم، ومراعاة الناس في أمر ليس بحرام هو مما جاءت به الشريعة، فقد راعى النبي ﷺ أصحابه في الصوم والفطر في رمضان في حال السفر، وراعاهم ﵊ في بناء الكعبة حيث قال لعائشة ﵂: «لولا أن قومك حديثو عهد بكفر لهدمت الكعبة وبنيتها على قواعد إبراهيم» (١)، وهذه القاعدة معروفة في الشرع. أما إذا راعاهم في المحرم فهذه تسمى مداهنة لا تجوز، وقد قال الله تعالى: ﴿وَدُّوا لَوْ تُدْهِنُ فَيُدْهِنُونَ *﴾ [القلم]. وَلَا يُشْتَرَطُ لَهُمَا الطَّهَارَةُ ........... قوله: «ولا يشترط لهما الطهارة» أي: لا يشترط للخطبتين أن يكون على طهارة، فلو خطب وهو محدث فالخطبة صحيحة؛ لأنها ذكر وليست صلاة.
(١) أخرجه البخاري (١٥٨٥) (١٥٨٦)؛ ومسلم (١٣٣٣).

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