Al-Sharḥ al-Mumtiʿ - Ibn al-'Uthaymin - (5/14)

Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

and not a traveller in other respects. Thus, he must offer the prayer in full and may not avail himself of the concessions granted to travellers, since the ruling of travel has ceased to apply to him. He may not serve as the imam for Friday Prayer or deliver its sermon, nor may he be counted toward the required quorum; yet Friday Prayer is obligatory upon him if it is established. This is contradictory.

For this reason, the sound view is that the ruling of travel does not cease to apply to him, and that he may serve as imam and deliver the Friday sermon, and may be counted toward the required quorum.

“In a built-up settlement bearing a single name, even if it is dispersed.” …

His statement, “in a built-up settlement,” means in an inhabited settlement consisting of constructed dwellings. The author did not specify the material from which it must be built, so this includes buildings made of stone, mud-brick, cement, wood, and the like. By this, he excludes those who live in tents, such as the Bedouins, for Friday Prayer is not obligatory upon them. The Bedouins who lived around Medina were not commanded by the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, to establish Friday Prayer, even though they were settled in their respective places, because their dwellings were not constructed buildings. Thus, when they departed from their place of residence, they took their homes with them, leaving no trace behind, since they were tents.

His statement, “bearing a single name, even if it is dispersed,” means that they must be settled in a built-up place that has one name, such as Mecca, Medina, Unayzah, Buraydah, or Riyadh. What matters is that it has one name. Even if it is spread out and its neighbourhoods are separated by farms, so long as they all bear one name, it is regarded as one settlement and one town. This is why the author said, “even if it is dispersed,” thereby alluding to the disagreement over this issue.

Some scholars said: if it is dispersed and farms separate its parts, then it is not one settlement. According to this view, each neighbourhood is independently separate.

الوجوه غير مسافر من بعض الوجوه فيلزمه إتمام الصلاة، ولا يترخص برخص السفر؛ لانقطاع حكم السفر في حقه، ولا يصح أن يكون إماماً في الجمعة ولا خطيباً فيها ولا يكمل به العدد المشروط، ولكن تلزمه الجمعة إذا أقيمت، وهذا تناقض. ولهذا كان الصحيح أن حكم السفر لا ينقطع في حقه، وأنه يصح أن يكون إماماً وخطيباً في الجمعة، ويكمل به العدد المشروط. بِبِنَاءٍ اسمُهُ وَاحِدٌ، وَلَوْ تَفَرَّقَ. ............. قوله: «ببناء» أي بوطن مبني، ولم يبين المؤلف بأي شيء بني، فيشمل ما بني بالحجر، والمدر، والإِسمنت، والخشب، وغيرها، وهو يحترز بذلك مما لو كانوا أهل خيام كأهل البادية، فإنه لا جمعة عليهم؛ لأن البدو الذين كانوا حول المدينة لم يأمرهم النبي ﷺ بإقامة الجمعة مع أنهم مستوطنون في أماكنهم؛ لكونها ليست ببناء، ولهذا إذا ظعنوا عن هذا الموطن ظعنوا ببيوتهم، ولم يبق لها أثر؛ لأنها خيام. قوله: «اسمه واحد، ولو تفرق»، أي: أن يكون مستوطناً ببناء، اسم هذا البناء واحد، مثل: مكة، المدينة، عنيزة، بريدة، الرياض، المهم أن يكون اسمه واحداً، حتى لو تباعد، وتفرق بأن صارت الأحياء بينها مزارع، لكن يشملها اسم واحد، فإنه يعتبر وطناً واحداً، وبلداً واحداً؛ ولهذا قال المؤلف: «ولو تفرق» مشيراً بذلك للخلاف في هذه المسألة. وقال بعض العلماء: لو تفرق، وفرقت بينه المزارع، فليس بوطن واحد، وعلى هذا القول يكون كل حي وحده مستقلاً.