Chapter on the Friday Prayer
It is obligatory upon every free, legally accountable Muslim male . . .
His statement, “the Friday Prayer,” means: the prayer in which the people gather. The Muslims have several types of gathering: the gathering of a neighbourhood for the five daily prayers in its local mosque; the gathering of a town for Friday prayer and the two Eid prayers; and the gathering of the various lands for the pilgrimage in Mecca. These are the Muslims’ minor, major, and intermediate gatherings. Allah has prescribed all of them in order to strengthen the bonds of affection and love among the Muslims.
It should be known that Friday is the best day of the week; the sun has never risen upon a day better than it. Allah singled out this community for it after allowing the previous nations to go astray concerning it. The Jews differed over it, and their weekly day of gathering became Saturday; the Christians differed even more, and their weekly day of gathering became Sunday. Thus, praise be to Allah, they follow us, while we came after them in time, yet they are below us in rank, for this community is the best and most honoured community before Allah (1).
Friday has particular merits, which Ibn al-Qayyim mentioned in Zād al-Maʿād.
His statement, “It is obligatory upon every male”: the pronoun refers back to the Friday Prayer; that is: