the iftirash posture. It is well known that standing requires a lengthy recitation—longer than saying, “My Lord, forgive me and have mercy on me.” For this reason, sitting cross-legged is more appropriate while standing; and for another benefit as well: to distinguish between the sitting that replaces standing and the sitting prescribed in its proper place. If we were to say that he should sit in the iftirash posture while standing, there would be no distinction between the sitting prescribed in its proper place and the substitute sitting that takes the place of standing.

As for the state of bowing, some scholars say that he should sit in the iftirash posture. The correct view, however, is that he should sit cross-legged, because one who bows is standing with his lower legs and thighs upright; the only change is that he bends his back. Thus, this person who is sitting cross-legged remains so and bows while cross-legged. This is the correct view on this issue.

If he is unable, then on his side …

His statement, “If he is unable”: here he says, “If he is unable,” whereas earlier he said, “If he is not able.” There is no difference between the two except in wording; it is merely a variation in expression.

His statement, “then on his side”: which of the two sides is meant? The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said to Imran ibn Husayn: “If you are unable, then on your side.” (1) He did not specify which side he should lie on. Therefore, we say that he has the choice of lying on either his right or his left side.

What is preferable is for him to do whichever is easier for him. If lying on his left side is easier, then that is preferable; and if the opposite is the case, then that is preferable, because many patients—especially those suffering from pleurisy—find lying on one side easier than lying on