Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

so they sat down. (1) The fact that he gestured to them—even during the prayer—indicates that this was obligatory.

A parallel case is that when Abdullah ibn Abbas stood to pray with him on his left, he took hold of his head from behind and moved him to his right. (2) They have said that it is not permissible for a lone follower to stand to the imam’s left. So we say: this is comparable to that; indeed, here there is an explicit statement, which is more emphatic than an action: “When he prays seated, then all of you pray seated.” (3)

This view is correct: if the imam prays seated, the followers are obliged to pray seated. If they pray standing, their prayer is invalid. Hence, it is posed as a riddle: “A man performed an obligatory prayer standing, yet his prayer was invalidated—who is he?”

The answer is: the one who prayed standing behind an imam who was praying seated.

The author—may Allah have mercy on him—stated decisively that if the imam prays seated, the followers pray seated, though he stipulated two conditions for this.

Many scholars held that if the imam prays seated, followers who are able to stand must pray standing. If they pray seated, their prayer is invalid.

They cited the following as evidence:

  1. The Prophet ﷺ came out during his final illness while the people were praying behind
(1) Reported by al-Bukhari, Book of the Adhan, chapter: “The imam has only been appointed to be followed” (688); and Muslim, the previously cited location (412) (82). (2) Its source reference has preceded on p. 60. (3) Its source reference has preceded on p. 230.
فجلسوا (١). فكونُه يُشيرُ إليهم حتى في أثناء الصَّلاةِ يدلُّ على أنَّ ذلك على سبيلِ الوجوبِ. ونظيرُ هذا: أنَّه لمَّا قامَ عبدُ الله بنُ عبَّاسٍ يصلِّي معه عن يسارِه أخذَ برأسِهِ مِن ورائِهِ وجعلَه عن يمينِهِ (٢). وقد قالوا: إنَّه لا يجوزُ أنْ يقفَ المأمومُ الواحدُ عن يسارِ الإِمامِ. فنقول: هذا مثلُه، بل هنا قَوْلٌ وهو أبلغُ مِن الفِعلِ وهو قوله: «إذا صلّى قاعداً فصَلُّوا قعوداً أجمعون» (٣). وهذا القولُ هو الصَّحيحُ، أنَّ الإِمامَ إذا صلَّى قاعداً وَجَبَ على المأمومين أن يصلُّوا قعوداً، فإن صلُّوا قياماً فصلاتُهم باطلةٌ، ولهذا يُلغزُ بها فيقال: رَجُلٌ صَلَّى الفرضَ قائماً فبطلتْ صلاتُه، فمَنْ هو؟! والجواب: هو الذي صَلَّى قائماً خلفَ إمامٍ يصلِّي قاعداً. والمؤلِّفُ ﵀ جَزَمَ بأن الإِمامَ إذا صَلَّى قاعداً فإنَّ المأمومين يصلُّون قعوداً، إلا أنَّه اشترطَ في ذلك شرطين. وذهبَ كثيرٌ مِن أهلِ العلمِ إلى أنَّ الإِمامَ إذا صَلَّى قاعداً وَجَبَ على المأمومين القادرين على القيامِ أن يصلُّوا قياماً. فإنْ صلُّوا قعوداً بطلتْ صلاتُهم. واستدلُّوا لذلك: ١ ـ أن النَّبيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ في مَرَضِ موتِه والناسُ يصلُّون خلفَ
(١) أخرجه البخاري، كتاب الأذان، باب إنما جعل الإمام ليؤتمَّ به (٦٨٨)؛ ومسلم، الموضع السابق (٤١٢) (٨٢). (٢) تقدم تخريجه ص (٦٠). (٣) تقدم تخريجه ص (٢٣٠).

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