Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

pray two rak‘ahs for Allah, and another person makes a similar vow, congregational prayer is not obligatory for them, since it is not one of the five daily prayers.

Nor is it obligatory for voluntary prayers. Thus, if a person wishes to offer a voluntary prayer, he is not required to perform it in congregation, because it is not one of the five daily prayers.

But is it permissible to offer a voluntary prayer in congregation, or should we say that this is an innovation?

The answer is that the matter requires further detail.

Among voluntary prayers are some for which congregational performance is legislated, such as the prayer for rain, the eclipse prayer—if we hold that the eclipse prayer is a sunnah—and the night prayer in Ramadan.

Other voluntary prayers are not prescribed to be performed in congregation, such as the regular sunnah prayers connected to the obligatory prayers and the night prayer outside Ramadan. However, there is no harm in performing them in congregation on occasion.

The evidence for this is that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would sometimes perform the night prayer in congregation: Ibn Abbas prayed with him (1), Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman prayed with him (2), and Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud prayed with him (3). At times, he would even perform prayers other than the night prayer in congregation, as when he led Anas, Umm Sulaym, and an orphan who was with

(1) Its source reference has been given previously on p. 60. (2) Its source reference has been given previously on p. 60. (3) Narrated by al-Bukhari, Kitab al-Tahajjud (Book of Night Prayer), chapter: “Lengthening the Standing in the Night Prayer,” no. 1135; and Muslim, Kitab Salat al-Musafirin (Book of the Prayer of Travelers), chapter: “The Recommendation to Lengthen the Recitation in the Night Prayer,” no. 773 (p. 204).
يصلِّيَ لله ركعتين، ونذَرَ آخرٌ مثله فإنَّه لا تلزمهما الجماعة؛ لأنها ليست مِن الصلوات الخمس. ولا تجبُ للنَّوافلِ، فلو أراد الإنسانُ أنْ يصلي تطوُّعاً فإنَّه لا يجبُ عليه أنْ تكون جماعةً؛ لأنَّها ليست مِن الصَّلواتِ الخمسِ. ولكن؛ هل تجوزُ صلاةُ النافلةِ جماعةً، أو نقول: إنَّ ذلك بدعة؟ الجواب: في هذا تفصيل: فمِنَ النَّوافلِ ما تُشرعُ له الجماعةُ، كصلاةِ الاستسقاءِ، والكسوفِ، إذا قلنا: بأنَّ صلاةَ الكسوفِ سُنَّةٌ، وقيامَ الليلِ في رمضان. ومِن النَّوافِل ما لا تُسَنُّ له الجماعةُ، كالرَّواتبِ التَّابعةِ للمكتوبات، وكصلاةِ الليلِ في غيرِ رمضان، لكن لا بأسَ أنْ يصلِّيَها جماعة أحياناً. ودليلُ ذلك: أنَّ الرسولَ ﷺ كان يصلِّي أحياناً جماعةً في صلاةِ الليلِ كما صَلَّى معه ابنُ عباس (١)، وصَلَّى معه حذيفةُ بنُ اليمَان (٢)، وصَلَّى معه عبدُ الله بن مسعود (٣). وأحياناً يُصلِّي حتى غير صلاةِ الليلِ جماعةً، كما صَلَّى بـ «أنس … وأمِّ سُليم ويتيم مع
(١) تقدم تخريجه ص (٦٠). (٢) تقدم تخريجه ص (٦٠). (٣) أخرجه البخاري، كتاب التهجد، باب طول القيام في صلاة الليل (١١٣٥)؛ ومسلم، كتاب صلاة المسافرين، باب استحباب تطويل القراءة في صلاة الليل (٧٧٣) (٢٠٤).

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