First: This hadith is weak; no authentic report establishes that the Prophet ﷺ commanded this. Rather, what is authentically established is that he did it himself (1).
Second: What does this have to do with the Fajr prayer? Yet it shows you that, however great a person’s knowledge may be, he is not immune from error.
The soundest view on this matter is the one preferred by Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah: namely, the differentiated view. It is sunnah for one who stands in prayer at night, because he needs to rest. But if he is among those who, once they lay their side upon the ground, fall asleep and do not wake up until a long time has passed, then it is not sunnah for him to do this, because it leads to neglecting an obligatory duty.
Whoever misses any of them is recommended to make it up ............
His statement, “Whoever misses any of them is recommended to make it up”: “Whoever” is a conditional noun; the conditional clause is “misses,” and its consequence is “is recommended to make it up.” That is, whoever misses any of these regular sunnah prayers is recommended to make it up, provided that it was missed due to an excuse.
The evidence for this is what is established in the hadith of Abu Hurayrah and Abu Qatadah concerning the incident in which the Prophet ﷺ and his Companions, while travelling, slept through the Fajr prayer. The Prophet ﷺ then prayed the regular sunnah prayer of Fajr first, followed by the obligatory prayer (2).
Likewise, there is the hadith of Umm Salamah: “The Prophet ﷺ was occupied from