to the worshipper: “You have a choice: if you wish, repel him; and if you wish, do not repel him. If you do repel him, there is no reward for you; and if you do not, there is no sin upon you,” because this is the nature of something permissible. Even if a woman wishes to pass directly in front of you—according to the author’s view—you have a choice: if you wish, repel her; and if you wish, do not repel her. However, what the author’s words imply—may Allah have mercy on him—is contrary to the madhhab.
According to the madhhab, repelling the passer is sunnah (1); that is, it is recommended for the worshipper, and he is legally required to repel anyone passing directly in front of him.
The evidence for this is that the Prophet ﷺ commanded it, saying: “When one of you prays facing something that screens him from people, and someone wishes to pass directly in front of him, let him repel him. If he refuses, then let him fight him, for he is but a devil.” (2) Thus, he commanded that he be repelled, and the least implication of a command is recommendation.
He also said: “When one of you is praying, let him not allow anyone to pass directly in front of him. If he refuses, then let him fight him, for the companion-devil is with him.” (3)
There is a third narration from Imam Ahmad—may Allah have mercy on him—that repelling the passer is obligatory (4). If one does not do so, he is sinful; and there is no difference between one whose passing invalidates the prayer and one whose passing does not invalidate it.
They cited as evidence for this the Prophet’s ﷺ words, “Let him repel him,” and the basic principle concerning a command is