Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

As for physical turning of the body, its ruling has already been mentioned. But inward turning of the heart is the affliction from which no one is free. How difficult it is to treat, and how few are safe from it! It detracts from the prayer—and if only it were a partial turning away! Rather, it is a turning away from the beginning of the prayer to its end. It is indeed covered by the description that it is something Satan snatches from the servant’s prayer. The evidence for this is that, when a man complained to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, about this condition, he said to him: “That is a devil called Khinzab. If you sense him, spit dryly three times to your left and seek refuge with Allah from him.” (1)

Raising One’s Gaze toward the Heaven

His statement, “and raising his gaze toward the heaven,” means that it is disliked for a person to raise his gaze toward the heaven while praying, whether during recitation, bowing, rising from bowing, or in any other state. This is established by both textual evidence and reasoning.

As for the evidence, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “People must cease raising their eyes toward the heaven during prayer, or else their sight will surely be snatched away.” (2) That is, either they cease, or they will be punished with this punishment: their sight will be taken away and will not return to them. The Prophet’s wording, peace and blessings be upon him, was particularly stern in this regard.

In fact, the evidence is stronger than the ruling stated, for it indicates that raising one’s gaze toward the heaven is prohibited. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, warned against it, spoke sternly concerning it, and then mentioned a possible punishment: that their sight would be snatched away and not returned to them. It is well known that warning against something by mentioning a punishment indicates that it is unlawful, as we said regarding the Prophet’s statement, peace and blessings be upon him: “Does the one who raises his head not fear

(1) Recorded by Muslim; it is the preceding hadith. (2) Its source documentation has preceded on p. 40.
فالالتفات بالبدن سبق حكمُه، أما الالتفات المعنوي القلبي فهذا هو العِلَّة التي لا يخلو أحدٌ منها، وما أصعب معالجتها! وما أقل السالم منها! وهو منقص للصلاة، ويا ليته التفات جزئي! ولكنه التفات من أول الصلاة إلى آخرها، وينطبق عليه أنه اختلاسٌ يختلسه الشيطان من صلاة العبد، بدليل أن الرسول ﷺ لما شَكَى إليه الرَّجُلُ هذه الحال قال له: «ذاك شيطان يُقال له: خِنْزَبٌ، فإن أحسست به فاتفل عن يسارِك ثلاث مَرَّات، وتعوَّذ بالله منه» (١). وَرَفْعُ بَصَرِهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ........... قوله: «ورفع بصره إلى السماء» أي: يُكره رَفْعُ بصرِه إلى السماء وهو يُصلِّي، سواءٌ في حال القراءة أو في حال الرُّكوعِ، أو في حال الرَّفْعِ من الرُّكوع، أو في أي حال من الأحوال؛ بدليل وتعليل: أما الدليل، فلأن النبيَّ ﷺ قال: «لينتهينَّ أقوامٌ عن رَفْعِ أبصارِهم إلى السَّماءِ في الصَّلاة؛ أو لتُخْطَفَنَّ أبصارُهم» (٢) أي: إما أن ينتهوا، وإما أن يعاقبوا بهذه العقوبة وهي: أن تُخطف أبصارهم فلا ترجع إليهم، واشتدَّ قوله ﷺ في ذلك، والحقيقة أن الدَّليل أقوى من المدلول؛ لأن الدليل يقتضي أن يكون رَفْعُ البصرِ إلى السَّماءِ محرَّماً، فإن الرَّسول ﷺ حَذَّر منه، واشتدَّ قوله فيه، ثم ذَكَرَ عقوبة محتملة، وهي أن تُخطف أبصارهم، ولا ترجع إليهم. ومن المعلوم أن التحذير عن الشيء بِذِكْرِ عقوبة يدلُّ على أنه حرام، كما قلنا في قوله ﷺ: «أَمَا يَخشى الذي يرفعُ رأسَه
(١) أخرجه مسلم وهو الحديث السابق. (٢) تقدم تخريجه ص (٤٠).

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