Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

The apparent meaning of the author’s words is that the supplication must be one that has been reported. But does he mean that it must have been reported in a general sense, or in its specific wording and substance?

The answer is that both are possible. He may mean what has been specifically reported, or he may mean what has been reported in a general sense. The general category of supplication reported in connection with the prayer is that which relates to matters of the Hereafter. According to this possibility, the author’s words mean that one should supplicate for matters of the Hereafter, whether that particular supplication has been specifically reported or not. But according to the first possibility—that he means what has been specifically reported—one would be restricted in this place to the particular supplications that have been reported.

However, the first possibility is broader: that one supplicates with what has been reported in a general sense, namely, that which relates to matters of the Hereafter. Thus, he may ask for whatever he wishes concerning matters of the Hereafter. Yet there is a point to note here: one should give due attention to the particular supplications specifically reported for this place, and then supplicate afterward for whatever one wishes.

The apparent meaning of the author’s words is that one should not supplicate with anything other than what has been reported—whether we say that he means what has been reported generally or what has been specifically reported. Thus, one should not supplicate for worldly matters, such as saying, “O Allah, grant me a spacious house,” or, “O Allah, grant me a beautiful wife,” or, “O Allah, grant me abundant wealth,” or, “O Allah, grant me a comfortable car,” and the like. This is because such requests concern worldly matters. Some jurists even said that if a person supplicated for something related to worldly matters, his prayer would be invalidated (1). But this is undoubtedly a weak view.

(1) Al-Rawd al-Murabbi, with the marginal notes of Ibn Qasim, 2:76-77.
وظاهر كلام المؤلِّف: أنه لا بُدَّ أن يكون الدُّعاء وارداً، ولكن هل مراده أن يكون وارداً باعتبار الجنس، أو باعتبار النوع والعين؟ الجواب: فيه احتمال، يحتمل أن يريد بما وَرَدَ بعينه، ويحتمل أن يريد بما وَرَدَ بجنسه، والذي وَرَدَ الدُّعاء بجنسه في الصَّلاة هو ما يتعلَّق بأمر الآخرة، وإذا قلنا بهذا الاحتمال؛ صار معنى كلام المؤلِّف: أن يدعو بدعاء يتعلَّق بأمور الآخرة، سواء وَرَدَ هذا الدُّعاء بعينه أم لم يرد، وإنْ قلنا بالاحتمال الأول بما وَرَدَ بعينه صار يتقيَّد بما وَرَدَ بعينه في هذا الموضع. لكن الاحتمال الأول أشمل، وهو أن يدعو بما وَرَدَ باعتبار الجنس، وهو ما يتعلَّق بأمور الآخرة، فيدعو بما يتعلَّق بأمور الآخرة بما شاء، ولكن ههنا مسألة؛ وهي أنه ينبغي المحافظة على الوارد في هذا المكان بعينه، ثم بعد ذلك يدعو بما شاء. وظاهر كلام المؤلِّف: أنه لا يدعو بغير ما وَرَدَ، سواء قلنا: إن المراد ما وَرَدَ بجنسه أو قلنا: ما وَرَدَ بعينه، فلا يدعو بشيء مِن أمور الدُّنيا مثل أن يقول: اللَّهُمَّ ارزقني بيتاً واسعاً، أو: اللَّهُمَّ ارزقني زوجة جميلة، أو: اللَّهُمَّ ارزقني مالاً كثيراً، أو: اللَّهُمَّ ارزقني سيارة مريحة، وما أشبه ذلك؛ لأن هذا يتعلَّق بأمور الدُّنيا، حتى قال بعض الفقهاء ﵏: لو دعا بشيء مما يتعلَّق بأمور الدنيا بطلت صلاتُه (١)، لكن هذا قول ضعيف بلا شَكٍّ.
(١) «الروض المربع مع حاشية ابن قاسم» (٢/ ٧٦ ـ ٧٧).

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