Al-Sharḥ al-MumtiʿIbn al-'Uthaymin

First: It has not been disclosed to us that this particular person is being punished, unlike the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, to whom the condition of the two graves was disclosed.

Second: If we were to do this, we would wrong the deceased, because we would be harboring an evil assumption about him—that he is being punished. Yet what do we know? Perhaps he is being blessed. Perhaps this deceased person is among those upon whom Allah bestowed forgiveness before death, due to one of the many causes of forgiveness; thus he died after the Lord of all servants had pardoned him, in which case he would not deserve punishment.

Third: It contradicts the guidance of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, for he did not do this at every grave.

Fourth: It contradicts the practice of the righteous predecessors, who had the greatest knowledge of Allah’s law. None of the Companions, may Allah be pleased with them, did this.

Fifth: Allah Most High has opened for us something better than this. When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, had finished burying the deceased, he would stand by the grave and say: “Seek forgiveness for your brother, and ask that he be granted steadfastness, for he is now being questioned.” (1)

The sixth point: Is the punishment of the grave among matters of the unseen or matters that are witnessed?

The answer: It is among matters of the unseen. How many people in these graveyards are being punished while we are unaware of it, and how many of their neighbors are being blessed, with a gate opened for them leading to

(1) Narrated by Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Jana'iz (The Book of Funerals), chapter: Seeking forgiveness for the deceased at the grave upon departing (3221); al-Bayhaqi, 4/56; and al-Hakim, 1/370, who said: “A sound hadith,” and al-Dhahabi concurred.
أولاً: أنه لم يُكشف لنا أن هذا الرَّجل يُعذَّب، بخلاف النبيِّ ﵊، فقد كُشِفَ له عن القبرين. ثانياً: أننا إذا فعلنا ذلك فقد أسأنا إلى الميِّت؛ لأننا ظننَّا به ظَنَّ سوءٍ أنه يُعذَّب، وما يدرينا فلعله يُنَعَّم، لعل هذا الميت ممن مَنَّ الله عليه بالمغفرة قبل موته؛ لوجود سبب مِن أسباب المغفرة الكثيرة، فمات وقد عفا رَبُّ العباد عنه، وحينئذٍ لا يستحقُّ عذاباً. ثالثاً: أنَّهُ مخالفٌ لهدي النبيِّ ﷺ فإنه لم يكن يفعل ذلك في كلِّ قَبْرٍ. رابعاً: أنَّه مخالفٌ لما كان عليه السَّلف الصَّالح الذين هم أعلمُ النَّاس بشريعة الله، فما فَعَلَ هذا أحدٌ من الصَّحابة ﵃. خامساً: أنَّ الله تعالى قد فَتَحَ لنا ما هو خير منه، فكان النبيُّ ﵊ إذا فَرَغَ مِن دفن الميِّت وَقَفَ عليه وقال: «استغفروا لأخيكم، واسألوا له التثبيتَ، فإنه الآن يُسأل» (١). الوجه السادس: هل عذاب القبر من أمور الغيب، أم من أمور الشَّهادة؟ الجواب: مِن أمور الغيب، وكم من إنسان في هذه المقابر يُعذَّب، ونحن لا نشعرُ به، وكم جار له مُنعَّم مفتوح له باب إلى
(١) أخرجه أبو داود، كتاب الجنائز، باب الاستغفار عند القبر للميت في وقت الانصراف (٣٢٢١)؛ والبيهقي (٤/ ٥٦)؛ والحاكم (١/ ٣٧٠) وقال: «حديث صحيح» ووافقه الذهبي.

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