alone.
Allah has granted the Sultan, and the believers living under his rule, favors the like of which have not been witnessed in bygone centuries. In his days Islam has been renewed with a renewal whose excellence surpasses that of former dynasties. Thus the report of the Truthful and Trusted Messenger—the best of all early and later generations—has been fulfilled in his reign, namely his statement that the religion would be revitalized at the turn of every century. May Allah inspire him and the Muslims to give due thanks for these immense blessings in both worldly and religious matters, and may He perfect them by granting complete victory over all the remaining renegade enemies.
Indeed—may Allah perfect His bounty upon him—the community has obtained, through the blessedness of the Sultan’s rule, the sincerity of his intention, the soundness of his Islam and creed, the blessing of his faith and insight, the excellence of his resolve, his courage, his veneration of the religion and its law, and the outcome of his adherence to the Book of Allah and its wisdom, benefits akin to what occurred in the days of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and to what the greatest of the just imams aimed at: striving against the enemies of Allah who have broken away from the religion. Such enemies fall into two categories.
The first category comprises the people of debauchery and tyranny, those steeped in waywardness and aggression, who have cast off the statutes of faith, seeking dominance on earth and sowing corruption while turning away from the path of guidance and rectitude. These are the Tatars and all who resemble them—anyone who rejects the ordinances of Islam even if he professes the two testimonies of faith or clings to some aspect of human governance (1).
The second category (2) consists of the heretical innovators who have broken away, the misguided hypocrites who have abandoned the Sunnah and the community, turning their backs on the revealed law and obedience. Such are the people of the mountain, the plateau, and the Kisrawan district who were attacked by order of the Sultan. For truly, the favor that Allah