Al-Uqud al-DurriyyaIbn Abd al-Hadi

Such a remark only betrays his ignorance of the verse’s meaning, for Allah did not say that they would enjoy a little by fleeing; rather, He affirmed (1) that flight is of absolutely no benefit.

He then presented a second reply: even if it did profit them, it would offer nothing but a brief enjoyment (2).

Next He set out a third answer: the fugitive will receive whatever harm has been decreed for him, and the steadfast will receive whatever delight has been allotted to him. He said, “Say, ‘Who is it that can shield you from Allah if He intends to harm you, or intends to show you mercy? They will find for themselves, apart from Allah, neither protector nor helper’” (Al-Ahzab 33:17).

In the same vein He says in the verses on jihad: “Wherever you may be, death will overtake you, even if you were in lofty, fortified towers” (Al-Nisaʾ 4:78); and, “O you who believe, do not be like those who disbelieved and said of their brothers, when they journeyed through the land or went out to battle, ‘Had they stayed with us they would not have died and would not have been killed’—so that Allah may make this a cause of regret in their hearts. It is Allah who gives life and causes death, and Allah sees all that you do” (Al-Imran 3:156).

The sum of the matter is that the time of death is fixed: many a person has stood firm in the ranks and come away unharmed, and many (3) have fled from death only for it to seize them. As Khalid ibn al-Walid said on his death-bed: “I was present in such-and-such battles (4), and in my body (5) there are over eighty wounds—sword-cuts, spear-thrusts, and arrow-shots—yet here I am dying on my bed like a camel…"

(1) Mss. F and K read lakinnahu ("however"). (2) The margin of Ms. K gives laʿallahu qalilan ("perhaps only a little"). (3) The phrase hadara … mimman is omitted in Ms. F. (4) The word saffan ("in a row") is not found in Ms. Q. (5) The margin of the base manuscript notes: "variant: jasadi" ("my body").
وهذا جهلٌ منه بمعنى الآية، فإنّ الله لم يقل: إنّهم يُمتَّعون بالفرار قليلًا، لكن (١) ذكر أنه لا منفعة فيه أبدًا. ثم ذكر جوابًا ثانيًا: أنه لو كان ينفع لم يكن فيه إلا متاع قليل (٢). ثم إنّه ذكر جوابًا ثالثًا: وهو أنّ الفارَّ يأتيه ما قُضِي له من المضرَّة، ويأتي الثابت ما قُضِي له من المسرَّة، فقال: ﴿قُلْ مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَعْصِمُكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِنْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ سُوءًا أَوْ أَرَادَ بِكُمْ رَحْمَةً وَلَا يَجِدُونَ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلِيًّا وَلَا نَصِيرًا﴾ [الأحزاب: ١٧]. ونظيره قوله في سياق آيات الجهاد: ﴿أَيْنَمَا تَكُونُوا يُدْرِكْكُمُ الْمَوْتُ وَلَوْ كُنْتُمْ فِي بُرُوجٍ مُشَيَّدَةٍ﴾ [النساء: ٧٨]، وقوله: ﴿يَاأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَقَالُوا لِإِخْوَانِهِمْ إِذَا ضَرَبُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَوْ كَانُوا غُزًّى لَوْ كَانُوا عِنْدَنَا مَا مَاتُوا وَمَا قُتِلُوا لِيَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاللَّهُ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ﴾ [آل عمران: ١٥٦]. فمضمون الأمر: أنّ المنايا محتومة، فكم ممّن حضر الصفوف فسلم، وكم ممَّن (٣) فرَّ من المنيَّة فصادفته. كما قال خالد بن الوليد لمّا احْتُضِر: «لقد حضرتُ كذا وكذا صفًّا (٤)، وإنّ ببدني (٥) بضعًا وثمانين، ما بين ضَرْبة بسيف،
(١) (ف، ك): «لكنه». (٢) بهامش (ك): «لعله قليلًا». (٣) «حضر ... ممن» سقط من (ف). (٤) «صفًّا» ليست في (ق) (٥) في هامش الأصل: «نسخة: جسدي».

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